Integrated Solid Waste Management Based on the 3R Approach

Urban Farm DB summary

A book chapter (2012, no specific region) on Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) based on the 3R approach (reduce, reuse, recycle) discusses optimizing waste management across all waste-generating sectors — municipal, construction and demolition, industrial, urban agriculture, and healthcare facilities — and all stakeholders, including generators, service providers, regulators, government, and communities. It traces solid waste management (SWM) from an original focus on reducing public health risk, to a later environmental focus, to a more recent emphasis on resource conservation and recovery under the 3R approach, and describes the ISWM concept — streamlining source separation, collection and transport, transfer/material recovery, treatment/resource recovery, and final disposal — as expanding under UN Environment Programme promotion from its original municipal solid waste management (MSWM) scope to cover all waste-generating sectors.