Organized Citizen Effort in Behalf of Public Education
Howard Weabster Nudd
The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
Urban Farm DB summary
A 1923 essay on the role of citizen organizations in the history of American public education. It argues that developments in public education — from the establishment of the first public school through compulsory attendance, high schools, normal schools, kindergartens, evening and trade schools, playgrounds, school gardens, music, drawing, manual and household arts training, physical training, medical inspection, school lunches, school nurses, visiting teachers, and classes for children with disabilities or exceptional ability — were made possible, especially in their initial stages, by outside financial and other assistance from citizen organizations.