Urban Farm DB
Research catalogue
Database research record2025·United States

Quantifying US metropolitan level environmental burdens & benefits from greater localization of vegetable farming

Peter Nixon, Anu Ramaswami

Environmental Research Letters

Urban Farm DB summary

This paper quantifies environmental benefits and disbenefits from various vegetable farming localization scenarios across 378 US metropolitan areas. While scenarios found few significant land constraints and revealed net environmental benefits to groundwater overdraft and fertilizer-related PM2.5 emissions in 11%–55% of metros, the model also revealed where relocalization would exacerbate existing environmental vulnerabilities. This indicates potential environmental tradeoffs depending on the location.