Reuse--the ultimate sink? Urine-diverting toilets to protect groundwater quality and fertilise urban agriculture.

Urban Farm DB summary

Motivated by concerns over water and food scarcity and the health threats posed by faecal pollution and malnutrition, this paper discusses the development of a no-mix excreta disposal system that separates urine and faeces. It argues that ecological sanitation systems open up new, constructive sanitation options, particularly in poor peri-urban areas. The purpose of the no-mix system is described as saving water, reducing wastewater treatment problems, protecting groundwater quality, and recirculating nutrients from urine, and the paper addresses these aspects comprehensively.