Database research record2025·Global
What Works Outdoors? A Systematic Literature Review of Nature-Based Instruction in Science Education
Siti Nur Diyana Mahmud, Muhammad Hanif Sainorudin
International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development
Urban Farm DB summary
This systematic literature review analyzed 58 empirical studies on nature-based instruction (NBI) in science education from 2021-2025, focusing on formal and school-linked learning settings. Most studies used qualitative or mixed-methods designs, with outcomes primarily in affective and cognitive domains. Recurring challenges included limited causal designs, short follow-up periods, and inconsistent implementation reporting.