Research & reports

David R. Coffin · Princeton University Press eBooks · Italy (Rome)

This chapter, authored by David R. Coffin, explores urban gardens in Papal Rome. It contrasts these secular urban horticultural retreats with the cloistered gardens of monks.

Bundesrepublik Deutschland · gesetze-im-internet.de (Bundesministerium der Justiz) · Germany

The official text of the Federal Allotment Garden Act. Section 1 defines a Kleingarten as a garden used non-commercially for horticultural purposes (including growing garden produce for personal use) and recreation, situated within a site combining multiple individual plots with shared facilities. Section 3 caps a plot at 400 m² and permits a simple garden shed of at most 24 m² (including covered terrace) that must not be suitable for permanent habitation. Section 5 caps rent at up to four times the locally customary rent for commercial fruit and vegetable cultivation.

Bundesrepublik Deutschland · buzer.de (konsolidierte Fassung des Bundeskleingartengesetzes) · Germany

A page reproducing §20 of the Federal Allotment Gardens Act (enacted 28 February 1983, Federal Law Gazette I p. 210, in force from 1 April 1983). Paragraph 1 provides that on the entry into force of the Act the listed provisions cease to apply, and lists thirteen items, of which No. 1 is the Kleingarten- und Kleinpachtlandordnung in the consolidated version published at Federal Law Gazette Part III, classification number 235-1. This is therefore the provision that repealed the 1919 ordinance, with effect from the Act's commencement on 1 April 1983. The remaining items include the provisions on the promotion of allotments of 22 March 1938 (Reichsanzeiger 1938 No. 74), the Act amending and supplementing allotment law of 28 July 1969 (BGBl. I p. 1013), Article 4 of the Act amending the Berlin Aid Act of 23 June 1970 (BGBl. I p. 826), and state-level rules from Baden-Württemberg, Hamburg, Rhineland-Palatinate and Schleswig-Holstein.

Bundesverfassungsgericht · Bundesverfassungsgericht (DFR, Universität Bern) · Germany

The First Senate judgment of the Federal Constitutional Court of 12 June 1979 (docket 1 BvL 19/76). It held that the combination of a blanket bar on termination, narrowly enumerated grounds, mandatory administrative approval and price control under the 1944 protection ordinance and the 1969 amending act was incompatible with the property guarantee of Article 14 of the Basic Law as it applied to private landlords. Section 1(3) of the 1944 ordinance and section 2(2) of the 1969 act were declared void for breaching rule-of-law principles. The court reasoned that allotments had shifted from subsistence necessity to recreational use, weakening the social justification for restrictions of that breadth.

Natalia Przesmycka, Rafał Strojny · Teka Komisji Architektury Urbanistyki i Studiów Krajobrazowych · Poland (Lublin)

This article examines allotment gardens in downtown Lublin, Poland, from a historical, architectural, and landscape perspective, focusing on the oldest garden, "Nasza Zdobycz nad Bystrzycą." It identifies that city-center allotment gardens are at risk from commercial development and discusses the increasing alienation of owners and progressing devastation of these areas. The study also attempts to explain these issues and suggests design applications for revitalization.

Parliament of the United Kingdom · legislation.gov.uk (UK Public General Acts) · United Kingdom

The UK's Allotments Act 1925 enabled local authorities to acquire land for allotments and established tenant protections for allotment holders. An 'allotment' is defined as land not exceeding five acres cultivated as a garden or farm. Landowners reclaiming allotment land must give three months' notice for non-agricultural uses and six months' for sport or recreation, and tenants retain compensation rights under set conditions regardless of contract terms. Local authorities cannot sell or repurpose allotment land without approval from the agriculture minister and adequate provision for displaced holders. The Act applies to England and Wales only.

· Wikipédia (français) · France

This French Wikipedia article traces the history of French family/allotment gardens (jardins familiaux). The movement began in 1896 when abbé Lemire founded the "Ligue française du Coin de Terre et du Foyer," reorganized in 1921 into the "Fédération nationale des jardins familiaux," with the term "jardins familiaux" legally defined by a law of 26 July 1952. Gardens in the Paris region grew from 48 in 1904 to 1,515 in 1913, and by around 1945, at the end of World War II, France had roughly 250,000 such gardens.