Urban Farm DB
← Research catalogue
Database research record2024·United States

What Are POPS? — Privately Owned Public Space

Advocates for Privately Owned Public Space (APOPS)

Advocates for Privately Owned Public Space (APOPS) / Municipal Art Society of New York

Urban Farm DB summary

New York City's 1961 zoning resolution created incentive zoning, letting private developers earn floor-area bonuses in exchange for providing public plazas and similar spaces. From 1961 to 2000, developers built more than 500 POPS, gaining about 16 million square feet of bonus floor area while providing roughly 80 acres of public space. However, a 1998–99 field survey found about half of POPS out of legal compliance, and a 2000 study rated 41% as of limited quality.

Extracted facts

5 facts

Only numbers and their conditions are stored, as structured data — never the source's own sentences. Metric and condition names stay in English, as coded.

  • 600

    pops count(privately owned public space)

    Policy
    region
    New York City
  • 80 acre

    public space area provided(privately owned public space)

    Policy
    region
    New York City
    year
    1961-2000
  • 16,000,000 sq_ft

    bonus floor area total(privately owned public space)

    Policy
    region
    New York City
    year
    1961-2000
  • 50 %

    noncompliance rate(pops compliance)

    Policy
    region
    New York City
    year
    1998-1999
  • 41 %

    limited quality share(pops quality)

    Policy
    region
    New York City
    year
    2000

Direction of conclusions

Each author conclusion is recorded only as a coded direction per topic. Read the original for the conclusion itself.

  • Policy and governanceMixedWith caveats

Columns citing this source

This source is cited by the columns below. This page records the connection before you continue to the external source.

Open the original source ↗