Research & reports

Ghulam Fathir Authar Insaniy, Lastini Lastini, Sofiatin Sofiatin · Jurnal Agristan · Indonesia (Bandung)

This study investigated the influence of green marketing on purchase intention through brand image among 34 consumers of CSA Seni Tani's organic vegetable products in Arcamanik, Bandung City, from September to November 2023. Analysis using Structural Equation Modeling showed that while the influence of green marketing on purchase intention through brand image was positive, it was not statistically significant, indicating that brand image was not effective as a mediator between the two variables.

Nunik Lestari, Nurdian, Rezky, Sesilia Putri, Samsuar · Abdi Techno. · Indonesia

A community service program (PKM) for students and teachers at SD Negeri 69 Barru in Indonesia aimed to provide knowledge and skills for cultivating plants through a simple hydroponic system utilizing plastic waste. This program served as part of urban farming and 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle) concept education, creating educational facilities for students. The activity resulted in improved participant knowledge and skills in hydroponics, provided urban farming, hydroponics, and 3R learning facilities for the school, fostered 3R awareness through plastic waste utilization, and created green open spaces for student education.

Teguh Sarwo Aji, Alimatul Farida, Muh Prasetyo Nugroho · ABDI KAMI Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat · Indonesia (Probolinggo City)

This service program aimed to assist the Pokdarwis Pilang community in Probolinggo City, Indonesia, in managing animal waste into organic compost to support the sustainability of urban farming. The Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach was used, and results showed an increase in technical skills, the establishment of a compost production unit, changes in waste management behavior, and improved economic welfare through partnerships with local markets. The ABCD approach proved effective in creating sustainable social change through community empowerment.

Fefi Nurdiana Widjayanti, Insan Wijaya, Firlana Rosa, Farah Zahra, Fajar Pamadi · Kontribusi Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat · Indonesia

This study aimed to empower PKK (Family Welfare Movement) in Indonesia by providing urban farming knowledge and techniques, utilizing yards, narrow lands, and plastic waste to increase family income. Extension, training, and mentoring on static and non-static hydroponic cultivation techniques were conducted, and hydroponic systems such as verticulture using polybags, DFT (Deep Film Technique), floating raft, and verticulture were developed. These activities contributed to improving skills and knowledge in cultivating hydroponic vegetables using plastic waste and increasing income.

· · India

The IIHS Campus in Kengeri, India, is located at the intersection of Ramasagara Lake, Sulikere Forest, and an urban settlement, making it a suitable site to examine the interconnectedness between natural systems and the built environment. The campus aims to become an archetype of a safe space for humans and nature, building eco-friendly and climate-resilient structures, and establishing a multidisciplinary living lab. The NATURAL SYSTEMS Box Set documents the campus's water systems, biodiversity, integrated campus agriculture, and related experiments.

Anwar Anwar, Haisyah Haisyah, Permi Kabisatio AS., Wiwi Sawira, Aco Iham Belman, Hildawati Hildawati, Muhammad Fahyu Sanjaya · Jurnal Tarreang Tren Pengabdian Masyarakat Agrokompleks · Indonesia

In Kontar Hamlet, Indonesia, a community service team provided counseling and training on processing banana tuber waste into liquid organic fertilizer. This addressed the issue of abundant unused banana stems. As a result, organic fertilizer was produced, approximately 90% of the community understood the concept of liquid organic fertilizer during counseling, and about 80% knew the production process after training.

Tri Wahyu Nugroho, Aulia Luqman Aziz, Hery Toiba, Ahmad Imron Rozuli, Suyadi Suyadi · JAPI (Jurnal Akses Pengabdian Indonesia) · Indonesia (Malang)

This community service activity in Mulyoagung Village, Malang, Indonesia, aimed to empower the local economy through urban farming by utilizing organic waste such as cocopeat and polybags as growing media. The program successfully enabled the community to adopt urban farming concepts, proving its effectiveness in addressing shrinking agricultural land and strengthening the local economy. However, it is also noted that sources of materials, human resources, and market access are among the obstacles causing urban farming failures.

Yessy Pristika Efendy, Hadi Suhardjono, Widiwurjani Widiwurjani · JURNAL AGROTROPIKA · Indonesia

This study investigated the optimal planting media composition and liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) concentration for pakcoy plants using a completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor included soil, compost, and goat manure in ratios of 1:1:1, 1:1:2, and 1:2:1, while the second factor involved LOF and urea concentrations at four levels. The combination of planting medium composition 1:1:2 and LOF concentration of 4 ml/liter water yielded the best results for all observed growth and production parameters.

Maulia Usni, Melani Fitri · Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pembangunan dan Pendidikan Vokasi Pertanian · Indonesia

Based on a literature review drawing on books, websites and journals, this study examines how urban farming can support agricultural sustainability in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Framing sustainability around the availability of natural resources, human resources and environmental quality, it identifies strategies for optimizing urban farming, including microgreens cultivation, hydroponics, aeroponics, vertical cropping systems (vertikultur), and indoor vertical farms.

Chengxiang Zi, D. Winterbottom, Juanjuan Liu · Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems · China

Focusing on a well-preserved village of the Dong ethnic group in southwest China that maintains traditional livelihoods and a local food system, a study used field surveys, interviews and participatory mapping to propose an edible green infrastructure (EGI) model for traditional villages. The model comprises the "rice-fish-duck" cycle as the core of traditional livelihoods, a hierarchical ecological structure of "households-groups-village," and corresponding management models. By theoretically analyzing the EGI of traditional villages shaped over China's millennia-old agricultural civilization, the study aims to inform sustainable food-system and natural-resource-management knowledge, applying it to the construction of bio-districts in rural China.

Priya Singh, Ramakrishna Bora, Asha Devi · International Journal of Bioscience and Biochemistry · India

This study evaluated the effectiveness of integrated nutrient management (INM) in enhancing brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) growth, yield, and soil fertility in urban agricultural settings in Jorhat, India. Given declining soil fertility and over-reliance on chemical fertilizers, INM — combining chemical fertilizers, organic manures, and biofertilizers — was tested as a sustainable alternative using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments (control, chemical fertilizers, organic manures, INM), each replicated three times. Growth parameters (plant height, Leaf Area Index, number of branches) were measured, and fruit yield and quality were recorded at harvest; soil fertility indicators (pH, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) were analyzed at the start and end of the study. INM significantly enhanced growth, producing the highest plant height (112 cm), LAI (3.7), and number of branches (6.5). INM-treated plants produced 33% higher fruit yield (25.4 tons/ha) than the chemical fertilizer treatment and 66% higher than the control. Soil fertility improved in INM plots, with increases in soil pH (6.8), organic carbon (1.8%), and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels.

Utis Sutisna, Junun Sartohadi, Nur Ainun Harlin Jennie Pulungan, Ngadisih Ngadisih, YB Praharto, Nurul Hidayati · Prosiding Seminar Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat · Indonesia

A pyrolysis reactor technology (Prosiding Seminar Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Indonesia, 2024) converts sorted urban organic waste slurry into biochar using a self-sufficient pressure-control system with automatic temperature control and internal use of pyrolysis gas as fuel, processing waste at 400-500°C. Performance testing on soil samples showed the resulting biochar had 65-70% fixed carbon content with physical and chemical stability suitable as a soil amendment, increased soil cation exchange capacity by up to 30%, and increased soil moisture by up to 15% compared with untreated control soil. The reactor reduced organic waste volume by 50% and the biochar was reported to improve urban agricultural soil fertility and productivity.

Mochamad Yusuf · Al-Masharif Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Keislaman · Indonesia

Focused on agriculture — one of the strongest sectors supporting Indonesia's economy — this descriptive paper (2024) examines the readiness of Central Java Province, the country's third-largest producer of agricultural output, to build a green economy while adopting a nature-conservation blueprint. Using secondary data collected and analyzed into author-formulated recommendations, the paper finds Central Java is pursuing green-economy and circular-economy practice through the agriculture sector via organic crop cultivation, urban farming, farmers markets, and environmentally friendly agricultural-product education, and concludes that maximizing this implementation requires supporting government regulation/legislation together with societal practice.

Fitta Setiajiati · Cannarium · Indonesia

A community outreach and mentoring program in Kelurahan Mulyaharja, Bogor City, Indonesia, ran from September to October 2021 with members of the KWT Ciharashas women farmers group. After surveys and discussions with local officials, tourism managers and farmer groups, the team introduced rain garden installation and eco-enzyme production as low-cost urban farming methods, building a demonstration plot on farmer-group land. Residents who had not previously heard of rain gardens or eco-enzymes engaged enthusiastically, and the activity produced more optimal land use along with improvements in aesthetics and environmental health.

Myeong Seok Jeong, Mina Lee, Chaw Su Lwin, Kwon-Rae Kim · 한국토양비료학회지 · Korea (Jinju)

This study investigated heavy metal concentrations in soil and crop leaves from 23 urban gardens in Jinju, Korea, to assess suitability for cultivation. While average concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn generally did not exceed Korean guidelines, the Geoaccumulation Index indicated ongoing contamination by Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn. A significant amount of Pb was introduced into some soils from the atmosphere, and continuous monitoring for heavy metals in urban garden soils is required for food safety.

Gagas Purwo Adi, Nareswarananindya Nareswarananindya, Dian Pramita Eka Laksmiyanti · Tekstur · Indonesia (Surabaya)

This study proposes the application of sustainable architecture for urban farming facilities in Surabaya City, Indonesia, to address basic needs exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The design integrates communal spaces and cultivation facilities with household waste processing and efficient resource maximization. It utilizes a slab building form with indoor cultivation areas oriented towards the sun, supported by solar panels and rainwater harvesting systems, based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods.

Sunik Sunik, Sari Perwita R.I. · Jurnal BisTek PERTANIAN Agribisnis dan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian · Indonesia

This 2023 qualitative study in Indonesia analyzed the characteristics of organic urban farming actors and their considerations for choosing irrigation systems. The majority of respondents were of productive age, had a high school education, and worked as civil servants, private sector employees, or entrepreneurs. Key considerations for selecting an irrigation type included complexity, time availability, and ease of implementation.

Ismed Setya Budi, Ismed Fachruzi, Mariana Mariana, Yusriadi Yusriadi, Muhammad Indar Pramudi, Helda Orbani Rossa · Jurnal Pengabdian ILUNG (Inovasi Lahan Basah Unggul) · Indonesia (Banjarbaru)

This project addressed agricultural challenges in Bangkal Village, Banjarbaru City, Indonesia, where farmers face issues with soil fertility and seasonal flooding. The proposed solution involved transferring technology for making organic fertilizer using indigenous microbes (Trichoderma sp.) and aquatic weeds (kalakai and kayapu). Initial outreach and a workshop with 42 participants revealed farmers needed direct practical guidance. Ongoing field assistance enabled the "Bunga Padi" farmer group to produce packaged organic fertilizer for market and local use, with the aim of eventually marketing Bangkal-specific organic red rice.

Byunghoon Park, Jayoo Seo · Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture · South Korea

This study designed and constructed a model garden at the Sejong National Arboretum, South Korea, to provide scientific data on the carbon-reducing functions of gardens. The experimental area was divided to analyze carbon reduction effects based on biochar amount, planting density, and plant species. The model garden incorporated rainwater utilization facilities and low-carbon certified materials, with the carbon reduction effect of each facility and construction method compared.

Muh Abror · Suluh Abdi · Indonesia (Sidoarjo)

A community service project in Sidoarjo, Indonesia, aimed to empower the Aisyiyah branch community through organic urban farming using polybags. The project provided training in organic plant cultivation and verticulture, and developed organic nutrient production from household waste to ensure fertilizer availability. The initiative successfully produced starter fertilizers, including biolactobacillus and Local Microorganisms (MOL).

Muhammad Abbi Fahrezy Sutikno, Dwi Rahmawati, Yonika Sindiana Prahmani, Amnan Haris, Tiara Dwi Wulandari, Desy Fitria Astutianingtyas · Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat · Indonesia (Semarang)

Tugurejo Village in Semarang City, Indonesia, faces disaster risks due to land use changes. A community service program was implemented to enhance the climate village program in this area. Through qualitative data collection and program formulation, four programs were successfully developed: urban farming, urban aquaculture, rainwater harvesting, and waste bank programs.

Elisabet, Prima Wahyu Titisari · Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) · Indonesia

This study investigated the potential of eco-enzyme and oyster mushroom bag-log waste as growing media for celery microgreens, a model suitable for urban farming. Using a factorial design, researchers tested eco-enzyme dosages (0.5, 15, 25 mL L-1) and bag-log waste dosages (0.50, 100, 150 g/tray). Findings showed a significant interaction between the two factors, with the combination of 25 mL L-1 eco-enzyme and 150 g/tray bag-log waste yielding the best results across all measured parameters, including wet weight and nutrient levels.

Oto Prasadi, Andika Prastya, Muhammad Fauzi, Budi Nurochman · Society Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat · Indonesia

The "compost school" (skula kompos) program, initiated in 2019 by PT Solusi Bangun Indonesia Tbk, Cilacap factory, focuses on educating communities about household organic waste management. This program, part of the Baruwani Program, aims to reduce waste, produce compost for urban farming, and support the use of waste as alternative fuel in cement production. The compost school serves as a platform for outreach and training in compost making.

Yuchong Long, Zhengwei Cao, Yan Mao, Xinran Liu, Yan Gao, Chuanzhi Zhou, Xin Zheng · Land · China (Shanghai)

This study constructed an evaluation system for urban agriculture green bases in Shanghai. Using a Bayesian network, intervention, and counterfactual inference, typical green bases in six agricultural districts of Shanghai were evaluated to analyze the correlation and importance of indicators. The results showed that while there are differences among bases in various indicators, they all reach a high overall level, and base construction, production, and ecological construction elements are the main factors affecting their level.

Asti Irawanti Azis, Ratih Ratih, Dea Ekaputri Andraini · Perbal Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan · Indonesia

This study investigated permaculture as a method for controlling rat attacks on sweet corn in urban farming. In monoculture sweet corn plantings, rat attacks began at 21 days after planting (DAP) and reached 53% by 49 DAP. In contrast, permaculture plantings showed no rat attacks (0%), indicating its potential to prevent pest damage.