Research & reports

Riska Rahma Arriani, Mardwi Rahdriawan · Teknik PWK (Perencanaan Wilayah Kota) · Indonesia (Jakarta)

A qualitative study using purposive sampling investigated the reasons for decreasing community participation in the government-initiated Urban Farming Program at Rusun Marunda, Jakarta, Indonesia. The program, which started with 50 farmers in 2014, saw participation drop to only 5 farmers by 2019. The study found that obstacles in farming demotivated farmers, leading to a decline in participation, particularly among those with economic-egoism motivations.

Riesma Andiani, Harsoyo Harsoyo, Subejo Subejo · Agritech Jurnal Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto · Indonesia (Jakarta)

This study aimed to analyze the motivation of Marunda village residents in Cilincing District, North Jakarta, Indonesia, regarding the implementation of a demplot urban farming program and to identify affecting factors. A simple random sampling method was used with 60 residents as respondents. Research results showed that residents' motivation reached 73.33% and was significantly affected by attitude, the role of the supervisor, and the availability of infrastructures.

Setyo Parsudi · Berkala Ilmiah AGRIDEVINA · Indonesia (Surabaya)

This study in Surabaya, Indonesia, aimed to identify urban farming models, community motivations, and obstacles faced in implementing urban agriculture. The study found that the most common urban farming models were hydroponics, followed by verticulture, fisheries, and rooftop gardens. Community motivations primarily included increasing income, utilizing empty land, pursuing farming hobbies, and using green open spaces. The main obstacles faced by the community were plant pests, lack of capital for development, extreme weather, and insufficient experience and knowledge in urban agriculture.

Siti Aisyah Salim, Zawiyah Mohammad Yusof, Laili Farhana Md Ibharim, Siti Hajar Salim · Journal of Building Performance · Southeast Asia

This structured literature review examines urban farming activities, technology applications, and smallholder farming in Southeast Asia, where urban farming is limited and dispersed. The study selected 88 articles from ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus to provide a taxonomy and future research directions. It identifies the benefits, challenges, and recommendations for improving the acceptance and use of urban farming applications in the region.

Chery Soraya Ammatillah · · Indonesia (Jakarta)

This study analyzed the role of urban agriculture on household income in five districts of DKI Jakarta, Indonesia, using data from 60 respondents in 2017. The average urban agricultural income was 24,431,176 IDR per year, and the average total household income was 38,948,226 IDR per year. Urban agriculture contributed 62.7% to total household income, indicating its role as a main source of income for these households.

Tanushree Chakrabarti · Economic Affairs · India

A 2019 study examined the development and problems of urban agriculture in wards 28, 29 and 30 of the Chandernagore Municipal Corporation (CMC), Hooghly district, West Bengal, India. These three wards were rural before 1995, when they were added to the CMC as part of the town's expansion. A significant portion of the population remains dependent on agriculture, with fruit and vegetable crops in particular helping ensure food security for urban consumers.

Defira Suci Gusfarina, Irham Irham · Jurnal Kawistara · Indonesia

A descriptive, qualitative study in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia, surveyed 113 households using a Likert-scale questionnaire to measure motivation for using home yards to grow vegetables and fruit. Motivation for yard-based farming ranked, from highest to lowest, health motivation, environmental motivation, social/community motivation and economic motivation.

Julfi Restu Amelia, Ira Mulyawati, Lisa Ratnasari · Agrokreatif Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat · Indonesia

This community-outreach report describes an activity in Kelurahan Tengah, Kramat Jati, East Jakarta, Indonesia, combining training in verticulture (vertical cultivation suited to narrow land) with development of processed food products from the harvested vegetables — spinach/carrot/pineapple drink ("Batelnas"), okra/honey/ginger drink ("The Kraduu"), ginger/sesame dodol ("Dojawi"), and ginger/carrot dodol ("Dojawo") — plus training in online marketing. The technology transfer and mentoring increased participants' interest and participation in greening activities and produced new processed-food products with added economic value, which the report states could raise household income if continued.

Bjorn Low · OpenEdition (OpenEdition) · Asia

A case study reports on Edible Garden City, launched in 2012 in Singapore — a hyper-urbanized city-state that imports 90% of its food — which has built urban gardens with the aim of increasing the country's resilience and people's connection to food. Combining commercial activities with socially driven projects, from consultancy to community farming, the company had built 200 edible gardens and states its "Citizen Farm" could potentially produce 150 kg of leafy greens and 150 kg of mushrooms per month, an effort supported by a public-private partnership that made unused spaces available and reformed regulations; it also runs a farm on the rooftop of the Raffles City shopping mall supplying local restaurants.

World Economic Forum · World Economic Forum · South Korea

This 12 April 2019 World Economic Forum article reports that South Korea's food waste recycling rate rose from about 2% around 1995 to 95% today, attributing the shift to a 2005 landfill ban and a 2013 pay-as-you-throw system using biodegradable designated bags (costing a typical family of four about $6 a month, with bag sales covering 60% of recycling program operating costs). It cites Seoul's rollout of 6,000 automated weighing bins as reducing waste by 47,000 tons over six years and saving $8.4 million in collection costs.

Vij S., Narain V., Karpouzoglou T., Mishra P. · IIED Working Paper, International Institute for Environment and Development · India

This paper examines rural-urban transformations in India's neglected peri-urban areas in relation to food production, access, consumption, and nutritional quality, arguing peri-urban agriculture could be a major contributor to pro-poor food security and poverty alleviation.

Sabki M.H., Lee C.T., Bong C.P.C., Klemeš J.J. · Chemical Engineering Transactions, 70:49-54 · Asia (Indonesia, China)

Cost-benefit analysis of composting operations across Indonesia, China and Asian countries, evaluating economic viability of circular economy approaches in urban farming.

In-Kyoung Hong, Young Chae, Yoonah Jang, Sangmi Lee, Jung Nam Su · Journal of people, plants, and environment · South Korea

A study in South Korea surveyed 115 urban citizens to analyze urban agriculture's effects based on income level, identifying socially sustainable, negative, and economically sustainable factors. Findings showed psychological stability, connection with nature, and local agricultural vitalization correlated significantly with income level. However, the negative effect of urban agriculture showed no significant correlation with income level.

Jooseok 오주석Oh, Byunghak 민병학Min, Jungmin 최정민Choi, Seiyong 김세용Kim · 대한건축학회논문집 계획계 · South Korea

This study compared community gardener participation in general and public lease apartment complexes in South Korea, using interviews and statistical research with 319 participants. Results showed statistically significant differences in satisfaction and continuous participation between the two apartment types. Overall, female participation, public assistance, plot area, and exchange effectiveness were found to enhance continuous participation in community gardens.

IDA AYU LISTIA DEWI, I KETUT RANTAU · JURNAL MANAJEMEN AGRIBISNIS (Journal Of Agribusiness Management) · Indonesia

This study analyzed the most profitable seasonal crop farming activities for urban agriculture at the Udayana University Faculty of Agriculture experimental garden in 2017. Using a Gross Margin approach, the research found that Golden Melon cultivation was the most profitable in both the first (February-June) and second (July-November) planting seasons, yielding gross margins of Rp 797,700 and Rp 881,117 per 100m2, respectively.

Marina Silalahi, Lauresius Sihotang, Sunarto Sunarto, Fajar Adinugraha, Adisti Ratna Puri · · Indonesia (Cianjur)

A survey was conducted among 21 students at Pusaka Junior High School in Cianjur, Indonesia, to assess their understanding of hydroponic farming. Students knew the definition, methods, maintenance, and production of hydroponic plants, but literally interpreted that media like sand could not be used. While many students had experience with hydroponic farming, they claimed it was more expensive than conventional farming.

Kanhaiya Sapkota · Tribhuvan University Journal · Asia

This study, based on a survey of 105 households in the Kangeshwori-Manohara low-lying Area, aimed to analyze contradictions and the interface between scientific and local knowledge on urban agriculture. Farmers transitioned from traditional to intensive, market-oriented agriculture, adopting a wider range of improved farming techniques for economically viable and sustainable production, indicating some link between scientific and indigenous knowledge.

Adi Firmansyah · · Indonesia (Bekasi)

A qualitative descriptive study in Bekasi Regency, Indonesia, investigated the impact of an organic urban farming program initiated by PT. Pertamina EP Tambun Field on agricultural behavior and institutionalization. The program led to changes in farming techniques from conventional to organic, and shifts in actor interactions, rules, values, norms, and resource management. These changes fostered institutionalization, strengthening the social, economic, and ecological benefits of organic farming.

E S Iriani · · Indonesia (Malang)

This research used a deep interview method with Kampung 3G's management in Blimbing, Malang, Indonesia, to study its transformation from a flood-prone slum to an educational vacation village over five years. The study found that strict policy implementation, including punishments for policy breaches, and citizen engagement in programs like urban farming, led to environmental improvements and changes in citizen character. These changes upgraded citizen income through the emergence of micro-small-medium businesses, and Kampung 3G's programs became a reference for other areas, earning it multiple awards.

Piyapong Boossabong · Amsterdam University Press eBooks · Thailand (Bangkok)

In Bangkok, most vegetables consumed in the city are transported from remote rural areas and contaminated with chemicals. Governmental policies have failed to control chemical use, while monopolistic food corporations constrain the sustainability of local food systems. This chapter highlights the collaboration of urban farming networks in Bangkok that aim to produce alternative food sources and create alternative markets, arguing that these networks can construct alternative urban spaces for social action.

Mohammad Rondhi, Pravitasari Anjar Pratiwi, Vivi Trisna Handini, Aryo Fajar Sunartomo, Subhan Arif Budiman · Land · Indonesia (East Java)

This paper investigated the inter-relationship between land economic value and agricultural land conversion (ALC) in East Java, Indonesia. It calculated the land economic value for agricultural and non-agricultural (housing) uses in two areas: a peri-urban agricultural area facing rapid urbanization and a rural agricultural area with zero ALC. Results showed that agricultural land yielded a higher economic benefit in rural areas, whereas in urban areas, housing yielded a value seven times higher than agricultural land.

Wildani Pingkan S. Hamzens, Meidy Widayanto Moestopo · Jurnal Pengembangan Kota · Indonesia (Palu)

This survey identified necessary efforts for developing urban agriculture potential in the Palu River area, Palu City, Indonesia, a location considered suitable for urban agriculture due to the city's green city aspirations and potential population increase from a Special Economic Zone. Based on observational data and descriptive analysis, the study found that efforts should include land consolidation, activity type determination, recruitment and human resource development, infrastructure and facility preparation, and sustainable management.

Jung-Min 최정민Choi, Yu-Na 김유나Kim, Dong-Chan 박동찬Park · 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) · South Korea

This study explores the concept and direction for Korean community gardens, distinguishing them from urban agriculture based on semantic network analysis. Urban agriculture keywords relate to cultivation and economic effects, while community garden keywords involve residents, exchanges, and community formation. The paper proposes a definition and classification of Korean community garden types from broad (four types) and narrow (horticulture-centered 'Nuri garden' with four sub-types) perspectives. An expert survey indicated a preference for joint cultivation types within residential areas, walking distance, and open designs.

Lutfi Asnan Qodri · SKRIPSI Jurusan Ekonomi Pembangunan - Fakultas Ekonomi UM · Indonesia (Malang)

This qualitative exploratory study assessed the prospects of the "Gelintung Go Green" urban farming village in Malang City, Indonesia. It analyzed initial formation data, vision, mission, roadmap, and development efforts to examine its prospects from economic, social, and ecological aspects. The study concluded that the village has good prospects for future continuation if these three aspects are adequately fulfilled.

C. Kavya, G. N. Nagaraja · Indian Journal of Economics and Development · India

This study classified farms around Bengaluru as having high or low urban influence (FHUI/FLUI) and applied a linear hedonic pricing model using simple random sampling of 120 farmers, 30 FHUI and 30 FLUI each from the Devanahalli Airport area and the Ramanagara Industrial Park area. Land market value was shaped by location, water availability and land-symbolizing patterns, fluctuating widely even within the study areas depending on the intensity of urban influence; land values in Devanahalli peri-urban and Bidadi industrial areas rose faster than inflation, and adding water availability and violet-zone designation to the model put FHUI land's market value at 111.66 lakh rupees.