Research & reports

Nur Khasanah · Medikonis · Indonesia

A study examined an urban farming program aimed at increasing national income in Indonesia's Sulampua (Sulawesi-Maluku-Papua) region, using SWOT analysis to identify the program's weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to formulate strategies for optimizing its implementation. Based on the analysis, it recommends that government develop an appropriate urban farming concept, formulate related policy, educate the public, and provide supporting facilities and marketing assistance, that communities select appropriate seedlings and carry out farming practices diligently, and that the private sector provide business-oriented education and CSR funding.

Deni Irfayanti, Putri Wahyu Ningsih · Jurnal Pembelajaran Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (JP2M) · Indonesia

A report on a community-service program (KKN-PPM) run by Universitas Islam Malang (UNISMA) as part of its COVID-19 response in Telanaipura District, Jambi City, Indonesia. To secure protein intake for middle-class households during the pandemic, participants used small plots of land around homes to raise catfish and grow vegetables such as water spinach through "budikdamber" (bucket-based fish farming). The output was used to meet household food needs and support local household economics; the report states this urban-farming activity strengthened both food security and community mutual-aid ties.

Muhammad Fiar Sandika, Ina Helena Agustina · Prosiding Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota · Indonesia

A study of resident preferences regarding urban farming in Astanaanyar District, Bandung City, Indonesia, during the COVID-19 pandemic, aimed at formulating development directions based on those preferences. It combined a qualitative descriptive method to identify preferences with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) as a quantitative approach; urban farming activity was already occurring in the district but was not optimized. The results point toward developing urban farming on private and shared/government land, growing vegetable or plant-protein food crops using conventional or hydroponic methods or rooftop-garden/vertical techniques, first for personal consumption and then for sale.

Retno Purwani Setyaningrum, Arsi Yulianjani, Igor Fadhilah Hibatullah · · Indonesia

A community outreach report from Pasirsari sub-district, Bekasi Regency, West Java, Indonesia, describing an urban-farming program combining deliberation meetings, extension talks and vegetable-growing practice aimed at building clean, healthy neighborhood behavior. The report concludes that most Pasirsari residents showed strong interest in the urban-farming concept, without presenting further outcome data.

In-Kyoung Hong, Hyung-Kwon Yun, Young-Bin Jung, Sang-Mi Lee, Choon-soo Lee · Journal of people, plants, and environment · South Korea

A contactless online survey of 1,010 parents of elementary, middle, and high school students across Korea's five major districts, conducted October 22-26, 2020 (5 days) by a Korean survey agency (M), analyzing the data with SPSS for Windows 25.0 and Excel. Respondents averaged 1.83 (children per household), and 52.8% were male. 55.3% were aware of education services using school gardens, and 27.9% had experienced such a service. Overall, 79% considered the service necessary; among parents who had experienced it, 91.8% said it was necessary. Of all respondents, 54.9% were willing to pay for school garden costs; when income tax was used as the payment method, the average willingness to pay was 13,193 KRW, equivalent to a 2.02% tax rate. Parents who had experienced the service showed higher perceived need and willingness to pay than those who had not, but their actual stated amount or tax rate was lower because they knew how the program was actually run.

Dwi Aditiyarini, Catarina Aprilia Ariestanti, Aniek Prasetyaningsih, Timothy Charles Wherrett, Hardo Firmana Given Grace Manik, Katon Wijana · Sendimas 2021 - Seminar Nasional Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat · Indonesia

A community-service report on Kampung Sayur Bausasran, a pilot urban agriculture district in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, where the COVID-19 pandemic had reduced productivity and community engagement. Academics from Duta Wacana Christian University (UKDW) ran an empowerment program covering six farmer groups and one Food Yard Movement (Gerakan Pekarangan Pangan) plot, addressing human resources, business, institutional, and environmental development through training, application and simulation of knowledge and technology. Needs were first mapped through interviews with each farmer group's leadership; needs differed by condition, location and land area, but all centered on agriculture-related support, and simple hydroponic cultivation was introduced as one solution. Supporting activities included beautifying the vegetable village and improving management and administration, aimed at developing the area toward education-based ecotourism. The program was well received by village officials and farmer group leaders, producing greened vegetable alleys, diversified processed products, and a website and social media for promotion. The report identifies remaining needs for more detailed mapping of each farmer group's potential and for human-resource development programs to raise community motivation for advancing urban agriculture.

Sangmi Lee, Hyung Kwon Yun, Young-Bin Jung, In-Kyoung Hong · Journal of people, plants, and environment · South Korea

Using South Korea's public service design process (Ministry of the Interior and Safety, 2019) — comprising understanding, discovering needs, defining problems, and developing ideas — researchers analyzed how to manage and operate "urban agricultural parks," a park category established under the 2013 revision of the Act on Urban Parks, Green Areas, Etc. The process generated four idea types for revitalizing these parks: providing information users want, enabling user participation in design, serving as a venue for local communities, and functioning as spaces for health and rest, concluding that such parks need more systematic, diverse operating systems tied to local community revitalization rather than the passive, unified space patterns of conventional urban parks.

Syariful Mubarok, Salsabila Ananda, Farida Farida, Ainun Fadilah, Rija Sudirja · Kultivasi · Indonesia

An experiment conducted from August to September 2020 in a densely populated residential area on Jalan Caringin Raya, Bekasi City, Indonesia, used a Randomized Block Design to grow two amaranth (bayam) cultivars, 'Maestro' and 'Mira,' under three different cultivation systems — conventional, verticulture, and floating-raft hydroponics — with four replications each, on narrow urban plots. The results showed that amaranth grown under the floating-raft hydroponic system produced the best growth, yield, yield quality, and revenue compared with the conventional and verticulture systems.

Sai Balakrishnan · Cornell University Press eBooks · India

This chapter analyzes the regional class and caste politics of large-scale land investment in Maharashtra, India, through the case of the Khed Special Economic Zone (SEZ), where peri-urban agricultural land was converted into urban real estate. Dominant agrarian castes, long invested in commodity agriculture and closely tied to urban capital, protested vociferously against land acquisition for the SEZ, while Adivasi ("tribal") and Dalit groups historically dependent on land classified as "waste" embraced the forced acquisition. Historic narratives linking poor land quality to the social backwardness of those occupying "wasteland" were leveraged by these lower-caste and lower-class groups themselves to frame land expropriation as a path into the urban economy. The chapter concludes that fictions of "waste" that had previously excluded the most socially subordinated groups from commodity agriculture became, in this case, an instrument of urban inclusion.

Jin-Hee Ju, Hee-Yeon Song, Deuk-Kyun Oh, Sun-Yeong Park, Yong-Han Yoon · Journal of Environmental Science International · South Korea

This study, conducted from April to September 2019 on the rooftop of Konkuk University's Glocal Campus in South Korea, evaluated growth, physiological responses, and productivity for different intercropping ratios of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) with basil (Ocimum basilicum) on rooftops. Five treatments -- single tomato (TC), 2:1 tomato-to-basil (T2B1), 1:1 (T1B1), 1:2 (T1B2), and single basil (BC) -- were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications (15 plots total), measuring plant height, leaf length and width, leaf number, root length, root collar caliper, chlorophyll content, fresh and dry weight, fruit number, fruit caliper, fruit weight, and sugar content. The comparative analysis found growth, physiological, and productivity responses to be efficient when the tomato-to-basil ratio was 2:1 or 1:1.

Teguh Husodo, Keukeu Kaniawati Rosada, Mia Miranti, Nining Ratningsih, Suryana Suryana · Kumawula Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat · Indonesia

Micro, small, and medium enterprises (UMKM) are described as a community effort at self-empowerment aimed at creating independent business opportunities that rely on the community's own abilities and creativity, an effort requiring entrepreneurship support to build understanding of production processes and product benefits. Seven of thirty UMKM in Desa Cinunuk, Bandung Regency, Indonesia (divided into six categories), were analyzed using nine indicators of the business model canvas method. One developed UMKM was additionally identified as potential not only from an economic standpoint but also for community empowerment: use of residents' narrow landholdings combined with the ease of production under the urban farming concept was seen as capable of becoming an iconic business for Desa Cinunuk. The Women Farmers Group (KWT) of Desa Cinunuk is described as having the potential to develop into an advanced UMKM through entrepreneurship support such as completing licensing, pharmacological testing, and certification.

Siti Hayati Efi Friantin, Ika Swasti Putri · TA AWUN · Indonesia

In the Cinderejo Kidul area of Gilingan Village, Banjarsari District, Surakarta, Indonesia, a community service program trained residents in urban farming—using narrow plots or house yards—as a way to reduce household expenses during the Covid-19 pandemic. The activity reported that participants were able to apply urban farming techniques in their surrounding environment following the training.

Pham T.T.H., Turner S. · Land Use Policy · Vietnam (Lào Cai)

Research in Lào Cai, a small border city in northern Vietnam, finds that access to 'safe and clean' vegetables—motivated by distrust of pesticide use—is the primary driver of urban food growing, rather than subsistence food needs.

· Sustainability · China

Surveys gardeners across community gardens in China to identify design and social factors shaping social capital. Finds that garden location and size affect resident interaction and the formation of bridging social capital.

· Sustainability · China (Guangzhou)

Surveys residents' perceptions of integrating urban agriculture into micro-transformation of old communities in Guangzhou, discussed through the lens of building a healthy community.

Karto Wijaya, Asep Yudi Permana, Syarip Hidayat, Heru Wibowo · Jurnal Arsitektur ARCADE · Indonesia (Bandung)

Bojongsoang Village in Bandung Regency, Indonesia, faces a loss of green space due to urbanization, rendering productive land unproductive. This study aims to determine an Eco Village model in the Paralon village area, utilizing urban farming and eco-architecture concepts, to support the development of sustainable cities by optimizing available land and space, including vertical planes. The abstract does not present specific findings or results from the implementation of such a model.

Nanik Furoidah · Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Services) · Indonesia

The PKK group in Dawuhan Lor Village, Sukodono District, Lumajang, East Java, Indonesia, has cultivated plants with limited knowledge. This community partnership program (PKM) aims to introduce urban farming models, including hydroponics and portable cultivation innovations for vegetables, fruits, and herbs. The target is to achieve 15-25% self-sufficiency in daily vegetable and herb needs, enhance the home environment, and contribute to household food security.

Ronny Bowo Leksono, Benedictus Kombaitan, Heru Purboyo Hidayat Putro, Ridwan Sutriadi · The International Journal of Design Management and Professional Practice · Indonesia

This scholarly article, published in The International Journal of Design Management and Professional Practice, presents a case study from Pekanbaru City, Indonesia. It focuses on initiating consensus building to utilize urban open space for urban agriculture.

Ni’mah Mahnunah, Deani Prionazvi Rhizky, Irfan Rifani · PROSIDING SEMINAR HASIL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT · Indonesia

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted food security and the economy. In Drono Village, Klaten Regency, Indonesia, the concept of urban farming was introduced through community service activities. This activity aimed to provide knowledge and practical experience in urban farming, encouraging residents, especially youth, to further develop urban farming as a business opportunity to improve the economy.

Olivia Holabird · Digital Commons @ Butler University (Butler University) · United States (Indianapolis)

This study investigated factors influencing consumer and farmer involvement in sustainable urban agriculture in the Indianapolis region, where 200,000 people have low food access. Through 12 semi-structured interviews with 6 farmers and 6 consumers, the research identified key variables: sense of identity, accessibility, health, and community. Differences in these factors were observed between white and African American respondents, with accessibility and overall diet concerns being stronger for African American interviewees, while authenticity was more prevalent among white respondents.

Said Nasuiton, Asep Nurjaman · Journal of Local Government Issues · Indonesia (Malang)

This study, conducted in several villages across five sub-districts of Malang, investigated the extent to which the urban farming program influences community food security, particularly family food needs. Results from this qualitative descriptive research showed that the urban farming program impacts several aspects of food security, including food availability, quality, and affordability. However, the research also revealed that some locations struggle to develop urban farming programs effectively due to a lack of supervision, socialization, and technical guidance.

Sulistiya Sulistiya · Jurnal Pertanian Agros · Indonesia

This qualitative study in Indonesia investigated citizen participation in community-based urban agriculture, finding that while overall participation was high, the decision-making stage showed the lowest level of engagement. Most citizens had low group experience and had lived in their housing for less than 30 years. Age, education, income, and family burden were not significantly related to participation, but group experience, length of stay, activity methods, and service quality were significant factors.

Fahmi Rafika Perdana · Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Media Pemikiran dan Dakwah Pembangunan · Indonesia (Yogyakarta City)

This qualitative study examined empowerment efforts within the Gemah Ripah Adult Farmer Group in Bausasran Village, Yogyakarta City, Indonesia, focusing on family involvement and social capital. Findings indicated that empowerment brought benefits for family socio-economic resilience, supported by maintained social capital and external backing. However, obstacles included a lack of awareness among some residents, difficulty engaging young people, and the busyness common in urban society.

Pinky Hemnani, Diah Anggraini · Jurnal Sains Teknologi Urban Perancangan Arsitektur (Stupa) · Indonesia (Jakarta)

In Jakarta, Indonesia, unhealthy eating habits contribute to urban problems, leading to a need for "third places" for interaction, healthy eating education, and economic improvement through urban agriculture for residents in Rawa Bunga and surrounding areas. This study proposes a design concept for such a "third place," combining an "edutani" community program with a commercial program. The design aims to meet the characteristics of a "third place" and open architecture, including playfulness, conversation, neutrality, accessibility, and accommodation.

Rahmawaty Rahmawaty · Journal of Saintech Transfer · Indonesia (Medan)

This activity at Khansa Kindergarten in Medan aimed to provide environmental education for early childhood by engaging students in planting various types of plants, including vegetables, ornamental plants, fruits, and medicinal plants. The activity involved preparing planting media, planting, and harvesting fast-growing vegetables. The results showed that the children were enthusiastic and happy, and the school environment became greener and more beautiful with the increased vegetation.