Research & reports

Wahyu Sulistiadi, Ibnu Malkan Bakhrul Ilmi, Dian Luthfiana Sufyan, Sri Rahayu · Jurnal Bisnis Indonesia · Indonesia (Depok)

A community service activity in Depok, Indonesia, aimed to establish vegetable consumption habits among residents by utilizing limited space for verticulture. The training employed organic and non-organic waste as growing media, using participatory methods and demonstrations. Participants practiced planting vegetables from seeds to harvest using verticulture, and the activity was deemed successful as most participants were able to harvest their own crops.

Rendy Primrizqi · · Indonesia (Jakarta)

DKI Jakarta faces challenges in meeting food needs for its over 10 million residents due to limited urban food production, making it dependent on other regions. Urban farming is proposed as an alternative, particularly by optimizing the use of house yards in residential areas, which constitute 48.41% of the city. This paper emphasizes the importance of stakeholder engagement and innovative architectural interventions to facilitate urban farming in dense, narrow areas.

Pawan Gajbe · Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal · India (Nagpur)

An experiment was conducted in Nagpur city, India, from July 2019 to March 2020, to grow herbs and vegetables on a 230 sq ft rooftop area. The experiment produced 61.7 kg of pesticide-free vegetables using sustainable farming methods, including cultural pest management, composting household green waste, and irrigating with harvested rainwater and greywater. The results indicate that sustainable urban rooftop farming can be an innovative means to promote urban agriculture without harming the environment.

RR. Sophia Ratna Haryati · PROSIDING SEMINAR HASIL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT · Indonesia

This study discusses the implementation of household-scale aquaponic urban farming technology in Surakarta, Indonesia, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The project, a partnership between Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta and Karang Taruna Baluwarti, aimed to improve urban environmental quality and support community food security by providing knowledge on enhancing urban farming yields.

In-Kyoung Hong, Hyung-Kwon Yun, Young Chae, Sangmi Lee, Young-Bin Jung, Mi-Ra Lee · Journal of people, plants, and environment · South Korea

This study proposed and tested an urban garden model derived from the traditional Korean Gyeonjongbeop farming method, interpreting practices from Imwongyeongjeji Bolliji. Researchers cultivated vegetables on ridges and furrows, finding that Raphanus sativus, Allium fistulosum L., Brassica juncea, and Spinacia oleracea on ridges, and Hordeum vulgare var. hexastichon and Triticum aestivum L. on furrows, showed higher growth than in conventional flat fields. This method proved effective for crops vulnerable to weather and could enable year-round urban farming by utilizing winter fallow lands.

Rahayu Sri Waskitoningtyas, Nur Ismiyati · Abdimas Universal · Indonesia (Balikpapan)

This study investigated how urban residents of PKK RT 49 in Sepinggan Village, Balikpapan, Indonesia, engage in urban farming. Through observation and documentation, it found that urban farming benefits mothers in RT 49, enabling them to grow vegetables like chili, tomatoes, onions, lime, and pumpkin in their yards or using recycled containers.

Hilyah Magdalena, Hadi Santoso · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Indonesia (Pangkalpinang)

A Decision Support System (DSS) for urban farming using hydroponics was developed in Pangkalpinang City, Indonesia, utilizing the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. This research considered factors such as limited urban land, suitable vegetable choices, soil conditions, fertilizers used, pest disturbances, and community interest in hydroponic vegetables. Combined assessment results from expert respondents indicated that the superiority of hydroponics was the highest supporting criterion at 19.9%, and white mustard was the most preferred vegetable at 36.4%.

Rustina Untari, Angelika Riyandari, Bernadeta Resti Nurhayati, Ekawati Marhaenny Dukut, Emilia Ninik Aydawati, Alberta Rika Pratiwi, Retno Yustini, Hotmauli Sidabalok, VG Sri Rejeki · Unika Repositor (Unika) · Indonesia (Semarang)

To mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women and children, the Center for Women's Studies (PSW) Unika Soegijapranata provided guidance to productive women in Tanjung Mas Village, Semarang, Indonesia, on urban farming using a "regrow" method for vegetables and herbs. The guidance, mostly online via WhatsApp, involved creating modules and video tutorials. Success varied significantly among participants, with some producing many vegetables and herbs while others showed no progress.

Akhmad Satori, Yogi Nirwanto, Sri Hardianti, Faisal Fadilla Noorikhsan · · Indonesia

The "Budikdamber" (fish cultivation in buckets) aquaponics method is presented as an urban farming solution for household food needs in Indonesia, especially for urban communities with limited yard space. This method allows fish and plants to grow in the same place, providing animal protein and vegetables. It aims to enhance food security, strengthen community cohesion, and support household economies through harvest sales.

Aditya Dyah Utami, Mukti Ahmad Nur Cahya, Olivia Elfatma, Koko Setiawan · PRIMA Journal of Community Empowering and Services · Indonesia (Yogyakarta)

Urban elementary schools often have minimal green open spaces, making it difficult to implement green school programs, as seen at SD Islamiyah Warungboto Yogyakarta. Introducing verticulture technology to students is a solution, implemented through preparation, execution, and final stages. Students learn about verticulture generally, then receive training in designing verticulture systems, gaining knowledge of its benefits and supporting green school programs.

Umi Nur Solikah, Tri Puji Rahayu, Tria Rosana Dewi · WASANA NYATA · Indonesia

A community-service report on an extension programme promoting "vertikultur" (vertical or tiered cultivation) as a way to optimise limited home-yard space for urban vegetable farming in Bumi sub-district, Laweyan, Surakarta, Indonesia, where household yards are typically narrow. After preparatory coordination with the sub-district office and agreement on participants and timing, the programme delivered training to women members of the Family Welfare Movement (PKK) covering the concept, benefits, models, tools, and materials, and the procedure for applying vertical-cultivation techniques.

Anisur Rosyad, Triana Yuni Astuti, Etik Wukir Tini · Jurnal Dinamika Pengabdian (JDP) · Indonesia

A 2020 report on a community service activity providing leafy-vegetable verticulture training to the PKK RT4 RW5 group at Purwosari Indah Housing in Baturraden District, Banyumas Regency, Indonesia. Using polybags arranged in tiers on racks built from bamboo and gutters, the program trained participants through counseling and hands-on demonstration plots to grow caisim, kale, pakcoy, mustard greens, leeks, and celery; partners were able to grow leafy vegetables successfully, but the harvest remained limited to self-consumption or sharing with neighbors rather than being sold.

Wanti Mindari, Widi Wurjani, Purnomo Edi Sasongko · Jurnal Peduli Masyarakat · Indonesia

A community outreach report on urban farming training and planting-media modification for the women farmers' group PKK RT 03/RW 08 in Rewwin, Waru, Sidoarjo, Indonesia, conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Planting media mixed soil with non-soil materials (compost, rice husk, cocopeat, manure), with drip irrigation applied twice daily (morning and evening) and NPK fertilizer given as a base dose plus four follow-up applications of 20 g per plant. In a demonstration plot growing tomatoes in 5-kilogram pots, the medium combining soil, compost, husk, and manure produced the highest and best tomato yield compared with mixes lacking one of those components.

Mirna Meidina, Baroto Tavib Indrojarwo · Jurnal Sains dan Seni ITS · Indonesia

In response to growing interest in urban farming among Indonesian city residents, this design study produced an educational visual guidebook aimed primarily at women aged 20-30 with mid-level income and at least a diploma education who want to start urban farming. The design process involved an experimental drafting and layout study, a depth interview with urban farming practitioner and researcher Dr. Sitawati and a graphic designer, and observation at sites including Eco Green Park Malang. A post-test survey of 45 respondents representing the target audience across two sub-districts assessed preferences for systematics, layout, illustration, hierarchy, and information-delivery efficiency. The result was a 204-page reference book in four chapters covering urban farming basics, garden design, plant care, and miniature garden construction, using color vector illustrations and infographics.

Rizal Hadyan Fadhlillah, Sophia Dwiratna, Kharistya Amaru · Jurnal Pertanian Tropik/Jurnal Online Pertanian Tropik · Indonesia

This descriptive study, conducted on a rooftop at Padjadjaran University, investigated the performance of a floating raft fertigation system for water spinach cultivation over one growth period (16 days after transplanting). It measured water, nutrient, and electricity consumption, finding 300.63 liters of water, 3860 ml of nutrients, and 31.816 kW of electricity. The study reported good growth uniformity, 99.6 kg/m3 water use efficiency, and 72.8 kg/m2 plant productivity.

Wachdijono Wachdijono, Siti Wahyuni, Umi Trisnaningsih · QARDHUL HASAN MEDIA PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT · Indonesia (Cirebon City)

A community service program in Kalijaga Village, Cirebon City, Indonesia, aimed to enhance PKK members' knowledge and skills in verticultural and hydroponic vegetable cultivation. Through training, including counseling, demonstrations, and practice, participants' knowledge improved, with those initially unfamiliar with verticulture gaining understanding. The program encouraged participants to practice verticulture and hydroponics in their own homes.

Indayati Lanya, Ni Made Trigunasih, AI Nyoman Sunarta, I Dewa made Arthagama · Buletin Udayana Mengabdi · Indonesia (Denpasar)

On July 13, 2019, a training program on potted fruit and vegetable cultivation techniques was conducted in Denpasar City for 40 members of the Dasa Wisma Agropertiwi group. The training, which included instruction and demonstrations of cultivation methods, enhanced participants' knowledge and skills. Participants showed enthusiasm and requested additional training on organic fertilizer production.

Hyung-Kweon Kim, Young-Sun Ryou, Younghwa Kim, Tae-Seok Lee, Sung-Sik Oh, Won Suk Lee, Yong-Hyeon Kim · Protected horticulture and Plant Factory · South Korea

This study analyzed design factors for small greenhouses suitable for urban agriculture in South Korea and developed structural models. Preferred dimensions for urban farmers were 3-4m width, 1.8-2m side height, 2.5-3m ridge height, and 4-7m length. The study proposed four structural models, including an arched vinyl greenhouse and gable-roofed glass or PC panel greenhouses, categorized into standard (approx. 2 million KRW) and premium (approx. 5 million KRW) types.

Halus Satriawan, Irfannur Irfannur, Zikri Maulina Gaznur, Eka Rahmı, Ajmir Akmal · VARIASI Majalah Ilmiah Universitas Almuslim · Indonesia

A community service activity was conducted on September 1, 2019, in BTN Kupula Indah, Kota Juang, Bireuen Regency, Aceh Province, Indonesia. The activity involved demonstrations, practical training, and counseling on tabulampot (potted fruit plants) cultivation techniques for urban perennial plants. The findings indicated that this training successfully enhanced the community's skills in tabulampot planting and increased their knowledge for utilizing yard space and developing tabulampot entrepreneurship.

Ahmad Yani, Rizki Alfian, Irawan Setyabudi · Fakultas Pertanian · Indonesia

This qualitative descriptive study in Cemorokandang residential areas, Malang City, aimed to determine public perception of verticultural techniques for urban agriculture, addressing the lack of agricultural land due to population density. The study designed community home gardens with vegetables and flowers in various forms, including vertical gardens, to provide aesthetic value and economic support for urban agriculture. The findings suggest these designs can increase both aesthetic and economic value for urban communities.

Wachdijono Wachdijono, Siti Wahyuni, Umi Trisnaningsih · Prosiding Seminar Nasional Unimus · Indonesia

This community service program aimed to provide knowledge and implement "verticulture" urban farming to increase household income in Kalijaga Village, Cirebon City, Indonesia. The method involved training, including counseling on the meaning and benefits of verticulture and practical vegetable cultivation on multi-tiered growing media. The target audience was PKK women cadres and activists. The program resulted in increased knowledge of verticulture and its practice, leading to implicit household income by saving on vegetable purchases, thus allowing funds for other beneficial needs.

Putri Lynna A. Luthan, Yogi Nikman, Hasanatun Nisa Hasibuan, Jaka Prima Albertus Malau · JURNAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT · Indonesia (Medan)

In Medan, Indonesia, a verticulture urban farming training program was implemented in Lorong Sidodadi, a densely populated area with limited green space (5.6% of the city). The program targeted non-productive housewives and involved five stages: preparation, socialization, training, mentoring, and evaluation. Participants reported positive responses, aesthetic, thermal, psychological, health, and economic benefits, and reduced vegetable purchases. However, the activity faced issues with rat pests and children's activities.

Eko Widaryanto, N I K Yulita Firda · PLANTROPICA Journal of Agricultural Science · Indonesia (Malang)

A study in Malang, Indonesia, from July to December 2016, investigated the growth and yield of watercress using urban farming methods with different nitrogen fertilizers. The research, employing a Complete Randomized Design with four dose levels (1, 2, 3, 4 g/pot) and two fertilizer types (Urea and ZA) with three replications, found that both fertilizer type and level influenced watercress growth. Specifically, Urea fertilizer at 4 g per pot resulted in 50% higher yield compared to ZA fertilizer at 4 g per pot, indicating 4 g per pot of Urea fertilizer as the most effective dose.

Setyo Parsudi · Berkala Ilmiah AGRIDEVINA · Indonesia (Surabaya)

This study in Surabaya, Indonesia, aimed to identify urban farming models, community motivations, and obstacles faced in implementing urban agriculture. The study found that the most common urban farming models were hydroponics, followed by verticulture, fisheries, and rooftop gardens. Community motivations primarily included increasing income, utilizing empty land, pursuing farming hobbies, and using green open spaces. The main obstacles faced by the community were plant pests, lack of capital for development, extreme weather, and insufficient experience and knowledge in urban agriculture.

Rahmat Rejoni, Andrianto Kusumoarto, Agus Gunawan, Devi Libriati · Lakar Jurnal Arsitektur · Indonesia

A neighborhood park in the Villa Bogor Indah housing complex in Bogor City, Indonesia, was designed and built through resident participation, using descriptive qualitative methods and a community-based design approach. The park covers 1,680.749 square meters. Residents wanted the space to function as urban farming (55%), a plant collection/arboretum (40%), and passive recreation (5%).