Research & reports
Peer-reviewed research and reports on community urban agriculture, food education, composting, welfare and more.
Theme
Critical findings
166 results(6 / 7)
公民連携によるコミュニティガーデンを用いた街区公園の利活用に関する研究 －東京都江東区の事例を対象として－
2016岩瀬 貴也, 小泉 秀樹, 後藤 智香子 · 都市計画論文集 51巻3号 pp.277-284 · Japan
Studying public-private community gardens in Koto Ward through interviews with the ward, developers, and participant surveys, this paper identifies their potential as models for area-contribution development burden systems in new development and challenges to sustaining activities.
CommunityPolicyEconomics大阪府における緑地構成要素の変化に関する地域的特性 : 都市農業振興基本法の施行をふまえて
2016肇 石原, Hajime Ishihara · Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) · Japan (Osaka)
This study analyzed changes in green space components (parks, agricultural land, forests) across Osaka Prefecture, Japan, from 1970 to 2010. While forest area decreased slightly and park area increased, the increase in park area was insufficient to offset the significant reduction in agricultural land. Consequently, the overall green space ratio in Osaka Prefecture showed a declining trend, particularly noticeable in Osaka City and its surrounding areas.
Environmental trade-offsPolicyUrban–rural linkageClimate changeLand Use Management of the Urbanization Control Area by the Community-Based Allotment Gardens
2016Kento Takano, Noriko Akita · Journal of The Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture · Japan
This study clarified requirements for community-based allotment gardens as a land use management strategy in urbanization control areas in Japan. A questionnaire survey of metropolitan area municipalities revealed over 60% established allotment gardens in these areas to utilize farmland. An interview study of "Genki Nouen" in Ushiku City, Ibaraki Prefecture, found it was proactively managed by neighborhood associations, promoting effective use of abandoned cultivated land and bamboo forest management. The study concluded that creating an environment for social capital formation is necessary for land use management by community-based allotment gardens.
CommunityPolicyUrban–rural linkage愛知県における緑地構成要素の変化に関する地域的特性 : 都市農業振興基本法の施行をふまえて
2016肇 石原, Hajime ISHIHARA · Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) · Japan
This study analyzed changes in green space components (parks, agricultural land, forests) across Aichi Prefecture, Japan, from 1970 to 2010. While forest area decreased less significantly than agricultural land, and park area increased, the increase in park area was insufficient to offset the reduction in agricultural land. Consequently, the overall green space ratio showed a declining trend in most areas, particularly in Nagoya City and its surrounding regions.
Limited or null effectPolicyUrban–rural linkagePLANNING METHOD OF TOWN DIVISION SYSTEM AT THE PERIOD OF CULTIVATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN HOKKAIDO
2016Ryozo YANAGIDA · Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) · Japan
This study investigated the planning principles of urban formation during Hokkaido's pioneering period (Meiji and Taisho eras) by analyzing six prototypes of city formation. The research identified seven planning principles, including the selection of town sites from a bird's-eye view, the use of a basic axis and point for area space formation, the existence of rural-urban planning, and the importance of riverports or railway stations as cardinal points. Other principles involved the scale of urban areas (600-900 ken), the placement of hills as mental footholds, and the adoption of a grid pattern for town division.
Urban–rural linkagePolicy計画者と利用者からみた「都市の農」の変遷に関する考察
2015Shimpo N., Saito K. · ランドスケープ研究 (Journal of the Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture), 78(5):629-634 · Japan
A peer-reviewed literature study organising the historical development of 'urban agriculture' (allotment gardens, community gardens, etc.) from both planners' and users' perspectives. Argues that appropriate planning of urban gardening must incorporate both viewpoints.
CommunityPolicyFood education都市農業振興基本法のあらまし
2015· 農林水産省・国土交通省 · Japan
Government explainer of the 2015 Urban Agriculture Promotion Basic Law, setting out its purpose, principles, and the responsibilities of national and local governments, and articulating the multifunctional roles of urban agriculture.
PolicyCommunityBiodiversityカシニワ制度に基づくコミュニティガーデンにおける公共性の変化
2014Watanabe Y., Miyamoto M., Amemiya M., Terada T., Yokohari M. · ランドスケープ研究 77(5):713-718 · Japan
Taking the 'Jiyu Hiroba' community garden established under Kashiwa City's Kashiniwa program as a case study, the paper analyzes how the publicness of a community garden is generated and transformed, drawing on resident-drawn site plans, annual management reports, and interviews with neighborhood-association members.
CommunityWelfarePolicyPresent status and future outlook of plant factories in Japan
2014Nishizawa T. · Advances in Horticultural Science · Japan
Reviews the status and outlook of Japan's solar- and artificial-light plant factories, covering the post-disaster and policy-driven expansion of corporate entry and the profitability challenges of commercial operation in urban food production.
EconomicsPolicy積極的な生産緑地の指定による農のあるまちづくりに関する調査報告書（東京都世田谷区）
2014国土交通省 都市局 · 国土交通省 委託調査報告書 · Japan
MLIT commissioned survey on Setagaya's productive-greenbelt designation, landscape-farmland districts, citizen farms and agricultural parks as models of urban farmland preservation and public-participation farming under public support.
PolicyCommunityBiodiversityFood educationEconomicsEXAMINATION OF THE LAND USE MANAGEMENT BY A COMMUNITY GARDEN METHOD
2014Noriko Akita · AIJ Journal of Technology and Design · Japan, United States (New York City)
This research examines the institutionalization of community gardens in Japan by referencing New York City's model. New York City has 35 years of community garden management experience and an established support structure, with many gardens having individual divisions for land use. In contrast, Japan's community gardens primarily use public spaces. The study clarified the specific support contents and management conditions in New York City.
CommunityPolicyRegional Distribution of Stay-type Allotment Gardens and their Stay Facilities
2013Masao Makiyama, Norifumi Hosoya, Mami Inoue · JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION · Japan
This study examined the regional distribution of stay-type allotment gardens (kleingartens, KGs) and their facilities, focusing on vacant facilities and future construction planning. Significant numbers of KGs and facilities were found in Nagano and Hyogo Prefectures, with Nagano having many early constructions. In fiscal year 2011, 22 KGs had vacant facilities, but this could not be solely explained by facility location density.
CommunityPolicyUrban–rural linkageThe Effects of the Great East Japan Earthquake on Stay-type Allotment Gardens and Some Issues of the Response to the Effects
2012Masao Makiyama, Mami Inoue · JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION · Japan
This study investigated the effects of the Great East Japan Earthquake on Fudouson and Hippo stay-type allotment gardens in Marumori Town, Miyagi Prefecture. Immediately after the earthquake, management entities confirmed user safety and conducted rescue operations. Post-earthquake, some users retired, but the gardens gained new users who were earthquake victims or reconstruction workers.
CommunityPolicyWelfare農の風景育成地区制度
2011東京都都市整備局 · 東京都都市整備局（民有地の緑の保全・創出 制度） · Japan
A Tokyo system created in 2011 to conserve dwindling farmland as open space and carry the agricultural landscape into the future. Districts where farmland and homestead groves remain clustered are designated so that scattered farmland can be conserved collectively as urban-planning parks/green space. Designations include Setagaya's Kitami (the first) and Nerima's Takamatsu and Minami-Oizumi, providing the policy framework for municipal urban-farmland conservation.
PolicyBiodiversityCommunity三富地域における持続的な循環型都市農業の課題〔論文〕
2011幸治 江口 · Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) · Japan
The Santome Area in Saitama Prefecture has practiced circular urban agriculture utilizing plain woods for 300 years, but urbanization, particularly in Kawagoe City and Tokorozawa City, is causing a significant decline in farmland and plain woods. While the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and Saitama Prefecture promote urban agriculture and plain wood preservation, the plain-wood-utilizing circular urban agriculture in Santome Area faces specific problems. This paper identifies land systems, including taxation, as a central issue among these problems and examines the possibility of integrated preservation for farmland and plain woods.
Governance failureOrganic cyclePolicyEconomicsUrban–rural linkage利用実態から捉えた団地屋外空間の活用による団地再生に関する研究
2010· ランドスケープ研究（日本造園学会誌）73巻5号 pp.469- · Japan
A field study of how danchi outdoor (open) spaces are actually used, examining directions for regeneration through stock utilization; it found demand was highest for children's play, followed by walking and resting, pointing to the need for regeneration plans that promote diverse outdoor uses, including gardens.
CommunityPolicyHealthRestoring Urban Fringe Landscapes through Urban Agriculture: The Japanese Experience
2010Makoto Yokohari, Marco Amati, Jay Bolthouse, Hideharu KURITA · disP - The Planning Review · Japan (Tokyo)
This paper advocates for re-establishing mixed land-use garden zones in and around cities, conceptualized as spaces for urban residents to develop local food cultures. It outlines post-war planning policies that separated urban and agricultural uses, investigates demographic shifts threatening domestic agricultural production, and examines Edo's urban agricultural heritage for a new planning paradigm. The paper demonstrates the need for multifunctional green spaces with examples from the greater Tokyo area and concludes by discussing the need for hybrid garden zones that encourage mixed urban and agricultural uses.
Urban–rural linkagePolicyCommunityFood sovereignty & justiceCost-benefit Analysys of Kleingartens in Japan
2010Satoru USHIROZAWA, Masao Makiyama, Takaaki Takahashi · JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION · Japan
This study evaluated the benefits of Kleingartens (stay-type allotment gardens) for local municipalities in Japan, using data on investment, maintenance costs, and user fee revenue. A main finding is that municipalities, on average, incur a considerable deficit, with a typical Kleingarten having an estimated annual deficit of approximately 240,000 yen. The study concluded that it is difficult for municipalities to achieve profit by providing Kleingartens, even with marginal improvements from increased user fees.
Economic viabilityEconomicsPolicyHISTORICAL CHANGE OF THE JAPANESE COMMUNITY GARDEN AND ITS PUBLICNESS
2009Yutaka Kudo · Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) · Japan
This research examines the development processes of community gardens in Japan and discusses their "publicness" as public spaces. Japanese community gardens were introduced before WWII as a form of urban open space, similar to Kleingarten in Germany and Allotment in England. In the postwar period, they expanded quantitatively through the practical use of urban unused farmland, and are now provided from the perspective of urban environment and rural development. The publicness of community gardens in Japan has been intentionally shaped by various actors throughout their historical transition.
CommunityPolicyUrban–rural linkage環境対応のトップ走者 森ビル 都市開発を通じ環境と共生する「垂直庭園都市」
2008森ビル株式会社 · 環境コミュニケーション 39巻6号 pp.30-31 · Japan
Official technical literature explaining Mori Building's 'Vertical Garden City' concept, describing pioneering private redevelopment rooftop farming and greening including paddy fields and mochi-rice harvest at Roppongi Hills and environmental community creation.
CommunityBiodiversityPolicyThe theory and policy of Japanese urban agriculture enlighten Chinese urban agricultural development
2008YU Ju-sheng · Shanghai nongye xuebao · Japan, China
This study compared the course of urban expansion and urban agriculture development in Japan with China's recent urbanization, particularly the economic development of its eastern coastal areas. It noted that both Japan and China share the Oriental agricultural characteristic of separate management on a small scale. The study concluded that it is important for China's urban agricultural development to examine Japan's urban agricultural history and experience.
PolicyUrban–rural linkageEconomics地区レベルの計画に位置づけられた都市農村交流の効果と課題に関する研究
2007日本都市計画学会 · 都市計画論文集（日本都市計画学会）42.3, 877 · Japan
An empirical analysis of the effects and challenges of urban-rural exchange projects written into district-level plans, critically examining the structural gap between the planning system and on-the-ground practice.
PolicyCommunity日本东京都郊区现代农村建设的经验及启示——以三鹰市、桧原村为例的分析
2007焦必方 · 上海经济研究 · Japan (Tokyo)
This paper analyzes the experiences of modern rural construction in the suburbs of Tokyo, focusing on Mitaka City and Hinohara Village. It highlights the development of suburban rail networks and other infrastructure, the provision of comprehensive public facilities, and the promotion of urban agriculture tailored to suburban characteristics. The study also notes efforts to balance regional development disparities, advocate democratic management, and pursue social harmony.
Urban–rural linkagePeri-urban agriculturePolicyEvaluation Public Participation in of Urban Agriculture and Planning in Amagasaki-City Analysis based on 2005 Sonoda City Citizens Survey
2007Jyuichi Yamazaki, Takayuki UCHIHIRA · JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION · Japan (Amagasaki-City)
This study considered the role of urban farmland and the possibility of its maintenance and practical use from the viewpoint of living environment formation and community improvement, through an analysis of a citizen questionnaire conducted in February 2006 in the Sonoda district of Amagasaki-city. The paper particularly focused on male participation in civic agriculture planning awareness and the possibility of civic support for farmland maintenance.
CommunityPolicyFood educationUrban–rural linkageSustainability of Agriculture and Urban Quality of Life in Japan : Economic Efficiency, Sociality and Environment Protection
2006Lily Kiminami, Akira Kiminami · Studies in Regional Science · Japan
Urban agriculture in Japan faces problems such as farmland reduction, farmer aging, expansion of abandoned cultivated land, and environmental pollution from livestock waste or agricultural chemicals. Urban agriculture can contribute to improving urban quality of life by supplying agricultural goods, creating landscapes, ensuring land conservation, and providing environmental benefits like biodiversity conservation. However, these issues pose challenges to the economic viability of urban agriculture.
Economic viabilityEconomicsCommunityBiodiversityPolicyUrban–rural linkage