Research & reports

Jiang Lu · Nongye jingji yu guanli · China (Beijing)

This study analyzed the current state of urban agriculture development in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, focusing on aspects like leading industry and farmers' income. It found that while the urban agriculture layout was basically formed, significant problems exist. These include resource and environmental crises, a lack of integrated regional planning, imperfect municipal systems, and challenges in upgrading the agricultural industry.

You Minglu · Guizhou nongye kexue · China

This study defines urban agriculture parks as urban parks integrating ecology, green, humanity, and industry, based on an organic combination of urban and agricultural elements. It proposes strategic thinking and overall design for the development of Tongren's urban agriculture park, drawing on experience reference and practical research, considering the city's natural landscape and agricultural industry features. The study also analyzes different development patterns in specific villages within Tongren City to propose a specific development idea for Tongren as an ecological tourist city.

Shi Jia-li · · China (Tianjin)

This paper studies the important roles of leisure agriculture in the development of Tianjin's modern urban agriculture. It emphatically analyzes the major problems of science and technology during the promotion of leisure agriculture and puts forward the significances of science and technology support in leisure agriculture.

程春建 · 杭州（周刊） · China (Hangzhou)

In 2014, Hangzhou, China, outlined five main tasks for developing modern agriculture, aiming to build "three strong cities" (ecological quality agriculture, efficient facility agriculture, modern urban agriculture) and "five million" urban supply bases. Key tasks included ensuring effective supply, with grain planting area exceeding 2.33 million mu and total output over 930,000 tons, and increasing the self-sufficiency rate of "vegetable basket" agricultural products in the main urban area to over 58%. Another task was to increase production and income, targeting a 2% increase in total output value and an 11% increase in farmers' income.

李彦霖, 刘叔华 · 农业科技通讯 · China (Urumqi)

This paper examines the achievements and challenges in developing modern urban agriculture brands in Urumqi, China. It notes that Urumqi has made progress in building its urban agriculture brand but faces constraints such as weak brand awareness. The paper proposes measures including brand cultivation, creation, maintenance, and promotion to further advance urban agriculture brand building and promote rural development.

Qing-Long Lin, Soon-Seok Lee, Woo‐Whan Jang · Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning · South Korea

This study analyzed the demand and willingness to pay (WTP) for agricultural experience at Daegu Urban Agriculture Park using the contingent valuation method. A survey of 346 Daegu citizens and logistic analysis showed that sex, age, education, and alienation area for urban agriculture affected the probability of agricultural experience participation. The estimated WTP ranged from 6,052 to 16,436 won, and scenario analysis suggested 25,000 won as the proper participation fee for maximum revenue.

Dehui Wu, WU, Dehui · AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA) · China

This 2014 study analyzed urban agriculture development in China's Central Economic Zone, identifying several existing problems. These issues included understanding deviation, extensive development, market confusion, short industrial chains, low specialization, and a harsh environment. The study proposed countermeasures such as strengthening government macro-control and perfecting compensation mechanisms.

Feng Hai-jia · · China (Xi'an)

This study analyzed the interactive coupling relationship and spatio-temporal characteristics between urbanization and urban agriculture function in Xi'an metropolitan zone, China, using correlation and coupling models. Based on data from 2000 to 2011, the correlation degree of factors was above 0.6, indicating a close relationship, with urban economy impacting urban agriculture and urban agriculture influencing urbanization. The coupling degree ranged from 0.6 to 0.85, showing a trend towards higher-level coordination, but significant spatial differentiation was observed, with the northwest area having a lower coupling degree than the southeast.

陈永欣 · 大众标准化 · China

With the development of the national economy and scientific progress, people's dietary structures have significantly changed, shifting towards nutritious and healthy food. Waxy corn is highly nutritious, sweet, sticky, and possesses a unique flavor, making it widely popular. In recent years, the cultivation of waxy corn, sales of fresh ears, preservation processing, off-season sales, and year-round market supply have garnered significant attention. Consequently, its planting area has expanded annually, and processing factories have increased, establishing it as an emerging urban agriculture.

Tô Thi Thu Ha, Paule Moustier, Nguyễn Thị Tân Lộc · Agritrop (Cirad) · Vietnam (Hanoi)

A 2009 survey in Hanoi, Vietnam, involving 47 agricultural households, 14 cooperative heads, 83 non-agricultural households, and 13 public officials, appraised perceptions of peri-urban agriculture. Farmers and agricultural officials were more optimistic about urban agriculture's future than non-farm residents. While most respondents believed agriculture should be maintained for food and employment, residents showed little desire to be involved in urban planning decisions, suggesting that the potential extinction of peri-urban agriculture might not elicit a strong reaction until it is too late.

Min Zhang, LU Feng-jun, MIAO, Runlian, Yan Jin, ZHANG, Min, LU, Fengjun, MIAO, Runlian, JIN, Yan · · China

This paper used a system variable analysis method to establish an urban agricultural development system with six functional variables in China. It summarized the characteristics of different development stages and analyzed the reasons for these characteristics, focusing on cost, efficiency, connection, and risk. The study provided recommendations for promoting China's urban agricultural development based on stage development rules.

장진, 오충현, 권혁문, 최윤정 · 한국환경생태학회 학술발표논문집 · South Korea (Seoul)

This study analyzed the case of the "Haengbokjungsim Yongsan Consumer Cooperative" (Yongsan Cooperative) in Hyochang-dong, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, to provide basic data for policies activating the social economy related to urban agriculture. A survey was conducted among 100 cooperative members from October 15 to November 30, 2013, for 45 days, complemented by literature reviews, field surveys, interviews, and GIS analysis. The findings indicated that 83% of members were women aged 30-40, 4-person households constituted 49%, and the cumulative membership reached 1,027 by December 2013.

Tian Lib · Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture · China (Hainan)

This paper summarized the status of protected horticulture in Hainan, China, identifying major problems such as a deficiency of special varieties, unsuitable introduced facility types, lack of a non-nuisance production system, and insufficient capacity for resisting natural disasters and environmental control. To achieve sustainable development, the local government needs to strengthen funding and policy support, enhance farmers' awareness of pollution-free production, and improve management techniques.

Wenyan Yang, Zhongxue Zhou · PubMed · China (Xi'an)

This study estimated the water and soil conservation service value of agricultural ecosystems in Xi'an metropolitan, China, from 2000 to 2011, using remote sensing and GIS methods. The total value increased significantly over the period, with cultivated land, forest, and grassland providing higher values than other land uses. The value decreased from south to north and showed a negative correlation with urbanization level, indicating lower values in more urbanized areas.

Meng Fan-ru · Jieshui guan'gai · China (Tianjin)

This paper investigates the pre-control mechanism for water-saving irrigation costs in coastal urban agriculture in Tianjin, China, from an engineering design innovation perspective. It analyzes the operational and maintenance cost trends of water-saving facilities and the complexity of water-saving irrigation requirements. The study identifies engineering design innovation as key to cost pre-control and discusses obstacle factors, governance approaches, and the impact of investment and financing models on both fund shortages and cost pre-control.

Chen Shan-sha · Ganhanqu dili · China (Xi'an)

This paper evaluated the water conservation service of Xi'an urban agriculture in 2011, using socioeconomic and geographical data. The total water conserved by urban agriculture was 16.6×10^8m^3, with a monetary value of 1.05×10^8 yuan. Water conservation capacity varied by district, with cropland providing a large proportion of the total value and orchards having the largest per unit area value. The spatial pattern of urban agriculture's water conservation was opposite to that of the urban district, suggesting that urbanization could negatively impact urban agriculture development.

Zhang Yu-me · Jingji wenti · China (Beijing)

This study analyzed the decoupling relationship between urban agriculture development and carbon emissions in Beijing, China, using the Tapio elastic method. Findings indicate that Beijing maintained agricultural self-sufficiency while carbon emissions decreased annually. The relationship between agricultural economic growth and carbon emissions shifted from recession decoupling to strong decoupling. Livestock, particularly cattle, swine, and poultry, were major carbon sources, suggesting the need for scientific feeding and improved feed conversion rates for sustainable urban agriculture.

Riza Fadholi Pasha, Sheily Widyaningsih, R. Rijanta · Jurnal Tata Kota dan Daerah · Indonesia

This study inventoried and described the practice of urban farming in "green kampong" (kampong hijau) neighborhoods of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, using a qualitative descriptive method that combined secondary data analysis with purposive sampling surveys at sample spots where urban farming was taking place. It found that the green kampong were mostly planted with consumption plants and ornamental plants.

Da Wang · · China (Beijing)

This study evaluates and analyzes urban agriculture in Beijing by focusing on the relationships among its subsystems and their relative influence. Results show that the comprehensive evaluation index of urban agriculture has risen steadily with a positive trend, but that the comparative advantages of both the population subsystem and the social subsystem have weakened, due to the loss of agricultural labor force and the urban-rural income gap. Meanwhile, the function of the environment and resource subsystems has strengthened, promoting a shift in Beijing's urban agricultural mode from one led by the economic subsystem toward one led jointly by the environment and economic subsystems. Given increasing pressure on environment and resources, the study concludes Beijing needs to build an ecological urban agriculture system and move away from an industrial development approach.

Feng Yanmi · Yunnan Nongye Daxue xuebao · China

A discussion paper examines the concept of Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) and its role in the integrated, sustainable development of urban and rural areas in China, against the backdrop of the country's urban-rural dual structure, farmland loss and ecological damage from urban expansion, peasants losing land, and food safety concerns. It frames CSA's model, in which producers and consumers form a partnership through advance payment or participation in production and share profits and losses, as promoting organic production and mutual cooperation with economic, ecological and social benefits.

YU Ju-shen · Shanghai nongye xuebao · China

To scientifically and objectively evaluate the overall effect of continuously returning rice and wheat straw to fields in urban agricultural areas of China, the study built an evaluation index system centered on economic, ecological and social benefit indicators, drawing on a questionnaire of agricultural, economic and ecological experts, and used the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and cluster analysis to formulate a comprehensive-effect scoring formula. The results showed that the eco-efficiency indicator carried the largest weight (0.6453) within the overall comprehensive effect.

Zakir Hussain, Markus Hanisch · Journal of Environmental Planning and Management · India

This paper describes the adaptation of agricultural management practices in the urban periphery of Hyderabad, India, due to structural changes. Based on 120 farmer interviews, the study found that increasing costs for agricultural inputs like labor and land motivated farmers to intensify water, machine, and chemical use, which created problematic environmental impacts. Farmers also adapted by resorting to part-time farming and organizing efforts to share family labor.

Lijie He · · China

This article analyzes the current situation and problems of urban agricultural development in small towns of China. It identifies severe problems hindering progress, including decreasing agricultural land, severe waste of land resources, serious agricultural pollution, low quality and income of agricultural labor, limited transport capacity, insufficient funding, and a lack of related policies and regulations.

Yue Guan · Beijing Linye Daxue xuebao · China (Beijing)

This paper analyzes the business strategy of allot gardens in Beijing, which face difficulties despite their recent growth. Based on a field survey of 11 allot gardens, the study uses SWOT analysis and the AHP model to quantitatively assess internal and external operating environments and propose business strategies.

Weiping Chen · British Food Journal · China (Beijing)

This research conceptualized and validated a construct of perceived value in Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) and investigated its influence on consumer satisfaction and loyalty. The study used a sample of 198 consumers from five CSA farms in Beijing, China, applying partial least squares (PLS) for analysis. Findings indicate that perceived value in CSA is a formative, multi-dimensional, third-order construct, with a direct positive effect on consumer loyalty and an indirect effect mediated by consumer satisfaction.