Research & reports

Putu Rudy Satiawan · Jurnal Penataan Ruang · Indonesia (Surabaya)

This paper discusses the relevance of urban agriculture development in Surabaya, Indonesia. It argues that urban agriculture can create positive synergy as an alternative for efficient and effective use of city resources, revitalizing idle and public lands. Citing Havana's experience where urban agriculture transformed a crisis into productivity, the paper aims to explore the possibility of Surabaya embracing urban farming as an economic and socio-cultural development alternative, emphasizing the commitment of citizens and government.

Yoonah Jang, Sun Jin Jeong, Kyeong Suk Han, Gyung Mee Gim, InChan Choi, Joonyung Heo · The Korean Journal of Community Living Science · South Korea

A study investigated the status of school gardening in 164 elementary schools (39.4% of 416) in Jeollabuk-do, South Korea. The installation and automation of garden facilities, such as greenhouses and tool sheds, were poor. Teachers, who most often operated the gardens, reported difficulty managing them due to a lack of knowledge about sustaining gardens and expressed a need for training programs.

Tong-Yu Li, Ziyi Wang, Xueshan Bai, Yue Wang · DEStech Transactions on Environment Energy and Earth Science · China

A review tracing the origin and evolution of urban agriculture as a new industry closely tied to the city, summarizing the main problems in contemporary urban agricultural development in China. Building on urban agriculture development experience under urbanization, it proposes a new development pattern for Chinese cities.

Lijie He, Zhiguo Fang · Urban Planning International · China

Identifying green residential communities and urban agriculture as important approaches to addressing environmental and food-safety problems that have long been researched and practiced separately without intersection, this paper (2017, China) argues that integrating urban agriculture into green residential communities could help transform cities from a consumption pattern toward a production pattern. Based on behavioral characteristics and spatial demands spanning food production, food consumption, and food recycling/reuse, it examines a strategy system of space, technology, and management for integrating urban agriculture into green residential communities, proposing new ideas for China's green residential community and urban agriculture development.

Gyun-Gi Bae, Donghun Shin · 산업경제연구 · South Korea

This study explored farmer income creation in urban agriculture through farmer participation and community activation, focusing on a community garden in Jeonju, South Korea. Exploratory factor analysis identified four factors: community, farmer participation, facilities/environment, and operation/management. Regression analysis showed all factors positively influenced user satisfaction, with farmer participation and community having the strongest effects. For farmer income generation through produce sales and increased plot fees, sufficient facilities and environmental conditions were concluded to be necessary.

雷靖, 陈斯钰, 刘煜 · 农村经济与科技 · China (Zhoushan)

This study examines Zhoushan City's "Vegetable Basket" project, which established production bases in urban and rural areas to ensure vegetable supply and stabilize prices. Despite significant achievements, the project is noted to have problems such as incomplete vegetable supply varieties, imperfect infrastructure, low industrialization, and a lack of quality assurance. The study suggests addressing these issues by diversifying product supply, strengthening infrastructure, improving industrialization, and enhancing quality and safety supervision.

楚杰 · 武汉宣传 · China (Wuhan)

Wuhan City promoted the development of modern urban agriculture to solve the four major challenges of "Sannong" issues (funding, human resources, land, and public sentiment). By the end of 2015, the city's total agricultural output value and agricultural added value reached 62.028 billion yuan and 37.004 billion yuan respectively, doubling since 2010. The disposable income of rural permanent residents was 17,722 yuan.

Zhenzhong Si, Steffanie Scott, Cameron McCordic · Scholars Commons (Wilfrid Laurier University) · China

This paper analyzed food purchasing patterns among 1,200 households in Nanjing, China, to understand the use of various food sources including supermarkets, wet markets, online markets, and urban agriculture. Findings indicate that while supermarkets are primary for staple grains, dairy, and processed foods, wet markets remain dominant for fresh produce and meat. The study highlights high food accessibility in Nanjing and the importance of diverse food sources beyond conventional retail.

丁少华 · 杭州农业与科技 · China (Hangzhou)

In recent years, the input structure of agricultural production factors has significantly changed due to market conditions and agricultural labor shifts. Yuhang District has focused on modern agricultural park construction as a key platform for developing modern urban agriculture, continuously strengthening intensive investment in capital and land. Currently, the district has successfully established one provincial-level modern agricultural comprehensive zone and five leading industry demonstration zones.

Rusida Rusida · Plano Madani : Jurnal Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota · Indonesia (Belopa)

A study in the urban area of Belopa, Indonesia, assessed the potential for urban agriculture, identifying suitable land for various crop types and key commodities. However, the research found that extensive housing development, particularly on the outskirts, and limited land availability mean not all land can be developed for urban agriculture. Urban agriculture supports food security, and public and government perceptions influence future land plans.

Tong Zhu · 科研 · China (Tianjin)

This paper briefly describes the meaning and characteristics of urban agriculture and analyzes the practice of "permaculture" ideas in Tianjin's urban agriculture. It argues that urban agriculture can provide public goods and services beyond food, which agricultural production areas cannot offer under a market economy, and can solve many social, economic, and ecological problems arising in urban-rural fringe areas.

Christopher Schliephake · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · South Korea

This essay examines contemporary urbanism's re-negotiation of nature's place in cities, presenting bottom-up and top-down urban agriculture models as alternative approaches to re-embed urban systems in natural cycles. It discusses socio-historical changes in urban landscapes since industrialization and analyzes the cultural urban ecology in South Korean director Hae-jun Lee’s 2009 film "Cast Away on the Moon." The film imaginatively explores these issues, prompting a re-consideration of urban lifestyles and the regenerative potential of working with soil.

戴婧, 丁国平 · Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni · China

The development status of "Sanpin Yibiao" agricultural products, a government-led public brand for safe and high-quality agricultural products, was evaluated in Dongxihu District. While certain achievements were noted, challenges and recommendations were identified, including comprehensive planning, strengthening team building, improving management, increasing policy support, enhancing supervision, and strengthening brand building. These measures were deemed important for promoting the development of modern urban agriculture.

Sui Fei-fe · Nongye ziyuan yu huanjing xuebao · China (Weifang)

This study analyzed the driving forces and internal drive mechanisms of urban agricultural development in Weifang County, China. An evaluation index system was built using urban agricultural production and socio-economic data, and 15 driving forces were selected via correlation and principal component analysis, with a model constructed using partial least squares. Results showed that per capita net income of rural residents, agricultural machinery total power, effective irrigation area, and centralized treatment rate of urban sewage greatly influenced urban agricultural output value increase, while the use amount of agricultural plastic film was a negative influence factor.

Renny Ratna Dewi, ‪Eko Budi Santoso‬ · Jurnal Teknik ITS · Indonesia (Surabaya)

In Made Village, Surabaya, Indonesia, traditional farming on 211.85 hectares yields 6000 tons of crops annually, but its reliance on developers' idle land makes it unsustainable due to land conversion. A study using Delphi analysis and content analysis concluded that urban farming activities in Made Village still face several technical and non-technical problems. Future agricultural activities will shift towards modern farming systems aiming for maximum and high-quality production on limited land, with polybag cultivation methods to be developed to address land scarcity.

Yuanyuan Shi, Min Qingwen, Lu He, Fuller Anthony M · Journal of Resources and Ecology · China

This paper proposes "Agricultural Heritage Systems" as an entry point to balance urban and rural development in China, addressing threats posed by rapid urbanization. It focuses on public dietary change, agricultural industry development, institutional guarantees, ecological restoration, and cultural tourism in urban and peri-urban agricultural heritage sites, establishing a development model that balances urbanization and urban-supported agriculture. The paper argues this approach can preserve traditional culture, maintain organic farming, leverage landscape tourism, and utilize urban funds and technology to support rural enterprises.

宋志军, 刘黎明 · Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni · China

Chinese urban agriculture has developed against a backdrop of multifunctionality, urbanization, industrialization, and non-agriculturalization. Since the reform and opening-up, the development of non-agricultural functions has complemented and advanced the broad modernization of urban agriculture, while simultaneously inhibiting, delaying, and destroying narrow modernization. This has led to a "reverse modernization" phenomenon in the spatial pattern of urban agriculture, characterized by changes spatially "opposite" to narrow agricultural modernization. China's current urban agriculture exhibits an overall spatial state of "reverse modernization" with various agricultural forms interspersed.

LI Min-q · Zhongnan Linye Keji Daxue xuebao · China

This study explored the interactive relationship between tourists' experience, resource base, and market demand in allotment gardens in China, proposing the Resource-Market-Experience (RME) model for experiential tourism product development. Using Beijing Little Donkey Farm as a case study, the RME model was applied to develop experiential tourism products, offering proposals such as integrating superior resources and focusing on tourist needs.

Zulfadhli Nasution · · Indonesia (Jakarta, Bandung, Bogor)

This study investigated the relationship between urban farming communities and food sovereignty in Jakarta, Bandung, and Bogor, Indonesia. The findings suggest that the discourse of food sovereignty has not been exposed to urban farming communities. This is attributed to urban farming having different historical roots and social and political characteristics compared to the food sovereignty movement.

Delfina Grinspan · School for International Training Digital Collections (School for International Training) · India (Bangalore)

This study investigated whether urban food growing practices in Bangalore, India's second fastest-growing city, contribute to the emergence of a more localized food system. Data was collected on input use, distribution arrangements for urban gardening products, and linkages among actors in urban and peri-urban agriculture. The study found that Bangalore's urban food growing practices conform to localized food system patterns, but this effect is incomplete due to challenges in localizing irrigation water sourcing and a lack of connectivity with the municipal government.

崔丽丽 · 上海信息化 · China

In recent years, the popularization of mobile phones has significantly increased internet usage in rural China, leading to growing acceptance of rural e-commerce due to a wide selection of online products and freedom from market and regional constraints. As the rural e-commerce industry emerges, agricultural IoT has become a major driving force for increasing urban agricultural output, promoting rural economic development, reducing the number of agricultural workers, and increasing farmers' income. Therefore, in the "Internet+" era, cultivating local agri-business enterprises and building urban agricultural IoT is of extreme importance.

심주영, 조경진 · 한국조경학회지 = Journal of Korean institute of landscape architecture · South Korea

This study aims to rediscover urban gardening as an everyday culture overlooked during urbanization. Focusing on Haebangchon, an organic urban residential area in Yongsan-dong 2-ga, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, it examines how urban gardening, in its modern sense, connects with the lives of single-family home residents to improve the physical environment and foster relationships among local residents, through understanding its characteristics and spatial features.

Jin Hee Kim, Jin I. Yun · Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · South Korea (Seoul)

This study evaluated daily temperatures for June-September from 2041-2070 in Seoul, projected by the RCP8.5 climate scenario, to understand climate departure implications for urban agriculture. Analysis of climate extremes and their effects on hot pepper growth revealed that while mean temperatures might depart after 2040, extreme events like heat waves and tropical nights already exceed past variability. Applying scenario data to hot pepper cultivation showed that planting and harvest dates are expected to deviate, and the maximum cultivation duration has already deviated from past variability.

徐晶, 吴聪 · 中国土地 · China (Wuhan)

This paper analyzes the practice and problems of "multi-plan integration" in Wuhu Street, Huangpi District, Wuhan City, a rapidly urbanizing area dominated by modern urban agriculture. Wuhu Street faces issues such as the disorderly sprawl of construction land and low land use efficiency. The study proposes targeted policy recommendations based on these findings.

胡卿 · 江西农业 · China (Nanchang)

In recent years, Nanchang City, China, has actively promoted the transformation of conventional agriculture into modern urban agriculture, focusing on developing urban modern agriculture. In 2014, the city added one "Beautiful China Farmland," one national-level leisure agriculture demonstration site, nine national leisure agriculture star enterprises, and six provincial-level leisure agriculture demonstration sites.