Research & reports

Rhisa Aidilla Suprapto, Seftina Kuswardini · Diklus Jurnal Pendidikan Luar Sekolah · Indonesia

A community service project in Wayang Sidowarno Tourism Village, Indonesia, used observation and Focus Group Discussion methods to develop a garden prototype designed as urban farming educational media, built collaboratively by local residents through gotong-royong (mutual community labor). The prototype aims to introduce urban farming as an activity with both economic value — selling or directly consuming produce — and green open space value, continuing a partnership between Amikom University's Architecture Program and the village since it was designated a tourism village in 2020.

Muhammad Fawwaz, Muhammad Fikri Akbar, Madziatul Churiyah, Sholikhan · PRIMA PORTAL RISET DAN INOVASI PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT · Indonesia

A community-engagement report on establishing a "Waste Bank Gallery" in Kampung Mergosono, led by PKK (Family Welfare Movement) mothers, to address urban waste management. The program provided counseling on waste issues, management solutions, the Waste Bank Gallery scheme, handling procedures, task delegation, schedules, and stakeholders, and taught practical recycling of valuable waste plus using organic waste as fertilizer for urban farming. The outcome was described as effective dissemination of the Waste Bank Gallery program, contributing to improved waste management in the area.

Natal Basuki, Sartika Syafi, Haris Mahmud · Jurnal Pengabdian Teratai · Indonesia

A community economic-empowerment report from Bangko Village, West Halmahera Regency, Indonesia, addressing residents' inability to propagate and use local agricultural potential such as lemon cui (a lime variety). The intervention offered training in vegetative propagation (grafting) techniques and urban farming, following a process of socialization/FGD, facilitation and mentoring, community economic empowerment, and monitoring and evaluation. Outcomes reported were increased productivity of community economic activity (as a measure against unemployment and poverty) and development of economic activity integrated with agricultural potential, with productivity/income growth and partners' mastery of business management and marketing technology set as key performance indicators.

Dhea Ivana Hidayat · TUTURRUPA · Indonesia

A study at SD Marsudirini Cor Jesu in Semarang, Indonesia, examining whether the comic "Komik Kota Kita," developed from urban farming research, could teach urban farming to fourth-to-sixth-grade students at a school with green open space but limited student understanding of urban farming. Observation, interviews, and questionnaires assessed comprehension, while interviews with teachers and parents tracked changes in environmentally caring behavior. Most students understood the comic because its visuals matched their age-group preferences, and they became more concerned about the environment.

Ji-eun Park, Jong-Sang Sung, Yong-Hoon Son · Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture · South Korea

In an aging row-housing complex in Gojan 1-dong, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea, this study quantitatively examined the effects of gardening on residents' life satisfaction and community. After a field survey of the garden conditions in the area, a questionnaire assessed the relationship between gardening participation and life satisfaction and community ties, analyzed with t-tests and ANOVA. Residents engaged in gardening were more active in "neighborhood exchange" and "resident participation" than those who were not. Residents who voluntarily created their own gardens reported higher "life satisfaction" than those using gardens built by the government, and residents gardening within the complex reported higher life satisfaction than those gardening outside it.

Roza Yunita, Jamsari Jamsari, Winda Purnama Sari, Meisilva Erona, Lily Syukriani, Firsta Ninda Rosadi, Jeanne Venora, Hasbi Al Huda · Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS · Indonesia

A community outreach report describes introducing and practicing container-based microgreen cultivation technology at SMP Baiturrosyid School and its surrounding community in Koto Tangah district, Padang city, Indonesia. Methods included socialization, counseling, demonstration planting of microgreens in containers, and discussion of cultivation techniques. The report concludes that students' understanding of agriculture increased and that students were able to cultivate microgreens following the taught procedure.

Reginawanti Hindersah, A. Marthin Kalay, Rion Suaib Salman, Wilhelmina Paays, Saon Banerjee · Current Research in Agricultural Sciences · Indonesia

A study of leafy vegetable cultivation (cabbage, water spinach, spinach) in urban farming areas along Ambon Bay in Ambon City, Indonesia, used 11 years of weather data verification combined with qualitative interviews with farmers to examine adaptation to disease and yield loss caused by excess wet-season rainfall. Annual rainfall varied, ranging from 3,950-5,264 mm in 2010-2013 and 2017-2020 versus 2,017-2,995 mm in 2014-2016; farmers adapted by installing plastic rain shelters, shortening planting distance from 20 cm to 10 cm, and changing their planting calendar.

Siti Asiah, Eva Banowati, Erni Suharini · International Journal of Research and Review · Indonesia

A study examining the implementation of urban farming to achieve Sustainable Development Goals in the Sampangan sub-district of Semarang City, Indonesia. Focusing on the Puspitasari Women Farming Group and Mina Garden Spirit Farming Group under the city's "Ayo Nandur" (Let's Garden) program, using purposive sampling with observation, interviews, documentation and questionnaires, the study found that urban farming — applying environmentally friendly use of yards — contributed to fulfilling family nutrition, increasing income, and improving welfare through community participation, while strengthening the groups into independent organizations.

Arini Putri Hanifa, Eka Triana Yuniarsih, Retna Qomariah, Nurmalinda, Yopi Saleh, Yati Haryati, Indarti Puji Lestari, Susi Lesmayati · IntechOpen eBooks · Indonesia

A book chapter discusses the urban farming movement in Indonesia across five topics: trends in yard utilization and food provision policy, the importance of urban farming in society, community perception and involvement, the pandemic's impact on household food security and supply chains, and government strategy for sustaining participatory urban farming. In the Indonesian context, urban farming is defined as cultivating food crops, vegetables, fruit, herbs, and medicinal or ornamental plants combined with fish and poultry, on home yards, office yards, school gardens and communal gardens. It concludes that the sustainability of urban farming still requires government assistance and intervention plus private-sector involvement through corporate social responsibility, and that government must support both policy and physical infrastructure to build business partnership networks between producers and market actors.

Christian Nindyaputra Octarino · ATRIUM - Jurnal Arsitektur · Indonesia

A study examined how effective urban farming and greenery integrated into a residential area are at maintaining microclimate quality, using field measurement and ENVI-MET simulation in the Tompeyan district of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The results show vegetation in outdoor spaces has a significant effect on surface and air temperature. The ENVI-MET simulation showed an increase in the thermal comfort index in vegetated areas, although it had not yet reached the ideal value.

Arief Setyo Nugroho, Bambang Sumardjoko, Anatri Desstya, Minsih Minsih, Choiriyah · International Journal of Elementary Education · Indonesia

This qualitative descriptive study examined strengthening environmental-care character through ecoprint artwork in Indonesian elementary schools, set against a backdrop of poorly tended school garden plants and littered food and drink packaging. Using interviews and observations with triangulation for validity and an interactive data collection-reduction-presentation-conclusion analysis, the study reports an 88.32% success rate for the ecoprint intervention in strengthening environmental care, with a secondary effect of awakening students' entrepreneurial spirit through producing leaf-motif paintings and cloth products.

Febrianto Syam, Zulfiani Zulfiani, Sadhriany Pertiwi Saleh · Al-MUNZIR · Indonesia (Makassar)

This qualitative study examines the environmental communication strategies and models used by Makassar Berkebun, an urban farming community in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, to introduce the concept of urban agriculture, drawing on interview and literature data analyzed descriptively through an environmental communication and urban agriculture framework. It finds the community applies four types of communication strategy, socialization, campaign, education and training, to realize its vision and mission, and that the communication model used is a mechanistic and interactional one based on David K. Berlo's (1960) and Schramm's (1954) communication models.

Taufik Zarkasya Sastrawinata, Ilhamdaniah, Agara Dama Gaputra · Prosiding Temu Ilmiah · Indonesia

A report on an apartment design project — a final-year architecture thesis at UPI — sited at Bandung Teknopolis within the Summarecon Bandung residential development in West Java, Indonesia. Located in a tropical climate, site analysis found that most of the solar exposure received from 9am to 5pm, east to west, was disadvantageous. The design applies sustainable landscaping, sun shading, cross ventilation, renewable energy through photovoltaic panels, an alternative water source via rainwater harvesting, and urban farming, with an environmental focus as the project's central sustainability strategy.

Devisri S.S. Senthilkumar, Moumita Malakar · Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability · India

This review examines "public gardens" — green spaces holding diverse plant collections for public enjoyment, education, and biodiversity conservation — as a potential option for climate change hazard mitigation, drawing on recent built-environment interventions in non-agriculture-based rural cities in India that use urban gardening. It notes a deficit in public awareness and understanding of climate information and governance systems, including technical knowledge, and compiles knowledge on how urban gardening approaches feature in climate change programs that seek to legalize green infrastructure implementation.

Shafira Ayuning Lestari, Dika Supyandi · MIMBAR AGRIBISNIS Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis · Indonesia (Jakarta)

All 11 members of the D'Shafa women farmer group — a model group for urban agriculture development in Malaka Sari, East Jakarta, Indonesia — were surveyed in a qualitative descriptive study analyzing the group's dynamics. All eight group dynamics elements analyzed showed active results, with a total score of 1,203 (95.93%), and the elements of group structure, group cohesiveness, and group atmosphere achieved the maximum scores, indicating that organized structure and task distribution support solid, family-like interaction among members.

Fadhilah Ramadhana, Nurina Orta Darmawati · Jurnal Sains dan Seni ITS · Indonesia

Gardening in densely populated areas — urban farming — has been widely practiced among urban communities using narrow plots or home yards, a trend that gained further interest during the pandemic, though facilities and costs pose challenges. The self-watering system method is presented as a solution using easily available tools and materials that can be implemented independently. Public knowledge, particularly among teenagers, about the benefits of medicinal plants is described as still minimal. To introduce cultivation via an accessible method, this design research combined observation of the self-watering system, experimental study, in-depth interviews with a gardening community, comparative study of similar videos, and literature review for secondary data, producing an explainer animation. The output is a two-part series: the first episode explains the self-watering system method overall, and the second explains its application using two wild medicinal plants. The video content covers the self-watering cultivation method, plant profiles, and the edible or medicinal parts of the plants, and is to be distributed via YouTube.

Poonam Bewtra · Current Agriculture Research Journal · India

Food forests involve planned agroforestry. The abstract states that, like a real forest, a food forest requires no pesticides, herbicides, weeding, crop rotation, mowing, or digging, and ensures the sustainability of flora, fauna, birds, animals, and particularly bees. This is a case study of one such food forest, Vanya Organic, realized by one of its owners, Mr. Patanjali Jha, who grew native trees, creepers, and shrubs in combination with symbiotic vegetation to maximize carbon sequestration, forest cover, and usable by-products. A key component is Vetiver grass, and Jha argues that food forests and vetiver plantations should be planned and established together, terming the combination a "Regenerative Food Forest." The abstract states that Compressed Bio Gas (CBG) or Renewable Natural Gas (RNG), described as a "green fuel," can be derived from the agricultural waste and other biomass that regenerative food forests produce in abundance; a CBG plant produces sulphur-stripped, automotive-grade methane along with a high-quality organic fertilizer by-product approved for regular use by the Ministry of Agriculture, and the abstract argues for linking CBG plants with regenerative food forests to provide jobs, increase farm incomes, and bring sustainable changes to air, water, and soil quality over time. The case study is stated to have been prepared with the owner's consent and approval.

Irwan Wunarlan, Sugiono Soetomo, Iwan Rudiarto · Civil Engineering and Architecture · Indonesia

Most residents of Marisa and Paguat districts in Indonesia engage in primary agricultural production centered on suburban and hinterland areas. This study aimed to (1) examine the causes of urban agglomeration among farmer settlements and the resulting spatial form or urban morphology, (2) analyze how city morphology developed due to the economic strength of the agricultural commodity export sector, particularly in hinterland farming areas, and (3) analyze economic growth stemming from the agricultural commodity export base, with emphasis on Marisa's population. A quantitative-qualitative method grounded in post-positivist philosophy was used, with data collected through observation, document review, and interviews, and analyzed using Leading Commodities analysis (Location Quotient, LQ-share and LQ-shift analysis) and spatial analysis. Results showed that (1) urban agglomeration led to the settlement of farmer communities, which also formed mutual relationships among residents, and (2) Marisa's layout resembled a star-shaped or octopus form under the urban morphology classification used. This result was attributed to dynamics stemming from Marisa's process of establishment as a region, and the study recommends further research on this point.

Mariska Nur Hanifah, Tomy Perdana · MIMBAR AGRIBISNIS Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis · Indonesia (Bandung)

A descriptive qualitative study of "Buruan SAE" Mang Oded, one of the "Buruan SAE" urban farming groups promoted by the Bandung City Agriculture and Food Security Agency, Indonesia, to address food availability. The group faced obstacles including a lack of community participation and stagnating business development. The study identifies the internal and external factors influencing its development and determines an appropriate development strategy, using interviews, observation, and documentation with the group's decision-makers, analyzed with IFE, EFE, IE, SWOT, and QSPM matrices. The IFE matrix produced a total score of 2.843 and the EFE matrix a total score of 3.066, indicating that both internal and external factor conditions were above average. The group's current position on the IE matrix falls in cell II, corresponding to a Growth and Build strategy. From the SWOT matrix, four alternative strategies were derived and ranked using QSPM: (1) using social media and creating new innovations, (2) optimizing land use, (3) using distinct labels or brands and expanding product types, and (4) maintaining market and cooperative relations with the government.

Nimas Sekarlangit, Prasasto Satwiko · MODUL · Indonesia

This paper addresses how the COVID-19 pandemic forced people worldwide, including in Indonesia, into new living habits. It notes that experts link recurring zoonotic pandemics closely to human consumption of wild animals and livestock, and states that plant-based food sources have already been shown to meet humans' complete nutritional needs. The "arsitektur nabati" (plant-based architecture) discussed here combines human activity spaces with food plants within a local context, and is presented as an integrated solution to the challenges of preventing recurring zoonotic pandemics, nutritional sufficiency, biodiversity, and urban living-environment quality. Using recent COVID-19-related information, the paper discusses the connection between the pandemic and plant-based architectural design, studying student and professional architects' works that respond to the idea of urban agriculture. It concludes that plant-based architecture can serve as an early mitigation effort against pandemic disasters by providing good air quality and lighting for spaces, promoting occupant health, and providing food security under conditions of limited land.

Khuong Ngoc Ho, Anh The Phung, Thuy Nhu Thi Nguyen, Loan Kim Thi Vo · Journal of Development and Integration · Vietnam

This review paper analyzes urban agriculture development experiences in countries including Indonesia, Singapore, and Japan to draw lessons applicable to Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, in the context of urbanization and rising food demand. It cites rooftop farming, vertical farming methods, and advanced technologies as strategies used elsewhere, identifies challenges such as limited natural resources and urban management difficulties, and proposes improving urban agriculture planning and infrastructure, strengthening technology transfer, using community resources, and expanding access to finance as responses. No quantitative data or empirical results are presented.

Nia Yuniarti Hasan, Teguh Budi Prijanto · Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Kesehatan Indonesia · Indonesia

This community outreach activity in the Cibabat area of Cimahi, Indonesia, responds to findings that urban rainwater is affected by local pollution sources and long-distance transport of natural and anthropogenic air pollutants, by using rainwater processed through a treatment installation as an irrigation source for soil-free hydroponic urban farming. Framing urban farming as a way to create green open space amid dense urban development, the activity delivered outreach and training on rainwater treatment technology to build residents' skills and knowledge. No quantitative outcome measurements are reported.

Liang Zixi, Hui Liang, Chen Xiuping, Huang Yushu, Yang Guiying, Yuan Cuiyun · Journal of Agriculture and Forestry · China

An essay (Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 2023) traces the historical development of "Yunnan Garden," a regional garden style in China's Yunnan province, situating it within the context of the 2021 UN Convention on Biological Diversity conference (COP15) held in Kunming, and proposes countermeasures for its further development based on an analysis of Yunnan's resource endowment. The paper is a historical and cultural analysis without empirical measurements.

Fan Xu, Fangke Xu, Pu Xu, Min Liu, Yufeng Li · Sustainability · China

A study of 106 questionnaire responses from new urban agricultural business entities in Shanghai, China (Sustainability, 2023) combined the Theory of Planned Behavior with the Motivation-Opportunity-Ability model and a binary Probit regression to examine online sales intentions and behavior for low-carbon agricultural products. Economic expectations and social norms significantly improved online sales intention at the formation stage, while behavior control was found not to be conducive to improving online sales intention. The study also identified a gap between operators' willingness to sell online and their actual behavior, and found that strengthening policy conditions and management capacity helped convert stated willingness into actual online-selling behavior.

NOVI EFRIYANTI, Ratna Komala Dewi, IDA AYU LISTIA DEWI · Jurnal Agribisnis dan Agrowisata (Journal of Agribusiness and Agritourism) · Indonesia (Jakarta)

This study identifies internal and external factors and derives priority strategies for urban farming development in the Cempaka Farmers Group in South Jakarta, Indonesia, using IFE, EFE, SWOT, and QSPM matrix analysis. Among internal factors, the group's already having a defined vision and mission was the main strength (score 0.197), while insufficient urban farming production, much of it not worth selling, was the main weakness (score 0.083). Among external factors, government assistance in the form of programs, training, and agricultural tools for urban agriculture actors was the main opportunity (score 0.370), while the agricultural land not being owned by the Cempaka Farmers Group was the biggest threat (score 0.164). The resulting priority strategy is to maximize the farmer group's own activities while drawing on support from outside parties, the government, and developing technology.