Research & reports
Peer-reviewed research and reports on community urban agriculture, food education, composting, welfare and more.
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11393 results(442 / 456)
On Developing Logistics Serving Chinese Agriculture
2003Xie Pei-xiu · Zhongguo liutong jingji · China
This paper argues that developing logistics for agriculture is an urgent need for rural institutional reform in China, where attention is required for factor saving and optimization. It proposes that the government should reform state-owned grain enterprises, support diverse logistics enterprises, foster modern logistics, and establish regional peasant cooperative organizations and urban farming product distribution systems. Additionally, a new grain security system based on modern logistics and market-based operations should be established.
EconomicsPolicyUrban–rural linkageContemporary streamkeepers : a comparison of two urban horticultural restoration programs
2003Charles Rowley · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · United States (California)
This paper compared the successes and failures of two urban creek restoration programs in California: Temescal Creek (initiated nearly 30 years ago) and White Oak Creek (completed about four years ago). Based on the author's success criteria, the more recent White Oak Creek program achieved significant success, while the earlier Temescal Creek restoration did not reach generally acceptable success levels. This difference is attributed to changes in management and scientific practice over 30 years, including substantial changes in the legal basis for restoration, improved monitoring requirements, and the critical role of properly engineered low flow distribution structures.
Limited or null effectCommunityBiodiversityPolicy实施都市农业发展战略全面建设小康社会—本刊顾问 郑州市农业局局长王瑞桐访谈
2003董艳华 · 河南农业 · China (Zhengzhou)
In recent years, Zhengzhou Municipal Bureau of Agriculture has actively developed urban agriculture and agro-tourism, focusing on pollution-free vegetables, brand building, and market expansion, guided by the policy of "serving the city, enriching farmers, prospering the economy, and optimizing the ecology." These efforts have significantly contributed to Zhengzhou's urban construction and economic development. Currently, 4 million farmers in Zhengzhou are making new contributions towards building a moderately prosperous society.
PolicyEconomicsUrban–rural linkageAgriculture in the City: A Key to Sustainability in Havana, Cuba
2003María Caridad Cruz, Roberto Sánchez Medina · · Cuba (Havana)
This book details a three-year research project by a multidisciplinary team of 15 professionals on the history and current state of urban agriculture in Havana, Cuba. The project assessed the long-term potential of integrating urban agriculture into Havana's social economies and city-wide environmental management programs. The findings are relevant for authorities considering how to transition emergency food production into sustained support for urban agriculture, aiming for food self-reliance and environmental improvement.
EconomicsClimate changeFood sovereignty & justiceCommunityThe Basic Trend and Regional Effect of Agricultural Structure Adjustment in China
2003Yansui Liu · · China
China's agricultural structure adjustment from 1997 to 2000 focused on comprehensive adjustments of quality, varieties, industrial, and regional structures. While distinctive agriculture increased by 3.1% during this period, the effects of the adjustment varied significantly due to regional comparative advantages. Notably, foodstuff crop seeding areas dropped by 3.97% and foodstuff yield by 6.47% nationally, with visible drops in 22 provinces, leading to a warning that loosening vigilance on food security necessarily leads to a significant drop in China's food security.
Limited or null effectPolicyUrban–rural linkageEconomicsGrowing Food in Cities: the Implications for Land-Use Policy
2003Joe Howe · Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning · United Kingdom
This article explores the neglect of research concerning food grown within urban areas and its land-use policy implications. It details findings from a UK study on land-use policy and urban agriculture, investigating land-use officials' attitudes and knowledge of urban food production and the regulatory framework used. The article concludes that despite extensive urban agriculture practice, its urban land-use policy implications require more attention from both land-use officials and researchers than previously given.
Governance failurePolicyUrban–rural linkageFood sovereignty & justiceUrban Agriculture Is the Inevitable Choice of Building an All-round
2003Yong Zhao · · China
This paper discusses the characteristics and significance of urban agriculture development in China. It analyzes urban agriculture as an effective way to increase the per-capita income of peasants, which is central to building an all-round well-off society in the countryside. The paper also explores countermeasures for developing urban agriculture.
EconomicsPolicyUrban–rural linkageBuilding Houses, Building Lives
2003Lorie Hammond · Mind Culture and Activity · United States (California)
This article uses a narrative format to describe situations in which Mienh immigrant families from a Southeast Asian hill tribe adapt to technological and cultural change within a California elementary school sponsoring a family literacy, school-community garden, and house building project. It argues that adjustments can be creative and empowering if schools incorporate community "funds of knowledge" into their instructional plan. Projects such as gardening and house building provide rich contexts for intercultural dialogues.
CommunityFood educationWelfareCommunity Supported…Anything: Applying Concepts and Practices of Community Supported Agriculture to a Variety of Products in Vermont
2003Gregory Hellmann Flatt · School for International Training Digital Collections (School for International Training) · United States (Vermont)
This thesis examines the diversification of the Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) movement in Vermont, expanding beyond vegetables to include other products. The author, a CSA coordinator, documented several local businesses applying CSA concepts and practices in novel ways through participant observation, formal and informal interviews conducted at farmers' markets and agricultural conferences. The author concludes that CSA concepts and principles can be widely applied and represent a viable economic model for small- to medium-sized businesses that produce high-demand goods and services with local support.
CSA & TeikeiEconomicsCommunityFood sovereignty & justice「農耕體驗型」與「遊憩型」市民農園之產品/服務策略之分析
2003吳宗瓊, 鄭智鴻, 楊淑涓, 莊庭禎 · · Taiwan
This study examined visitor characteristics, recreation motives, experiences, and satisfactions in Taiwanese citizen farms, and analyzed product service strategies. It found significant differences in visitor characteristics and visiting patterns between "Farm-practices-oriented" and "Recreation-oriented" types of citizen farms. The paper discusses product service and marketing strategies for both types based on these empirical findings.
CommunityEconomicsPeri-urban agricultureFood educationNecessity Makes the Frog Jump: Land-Use Planning and Urban Agriculture in Cuba
2003Colin Crawford · · Cuba
This 2003 law-review article examines the land-use planning implications of Cuban urban organic agriculture, placing the Cuban experience in international context, evaluating the advantages of urban agriculture for urban living, describing Cuba's efforts to formalize what began as an informal practice, and examining the formal and informal work of Cuban lawyers and planners in securing a place for urban agriculture within long-term land-use planning before and after the U.S. embargo.
CommunityPolicyFood sovereignty & justiceThe Atlas of Food: Who Eats What, Where and Why
2003Erik Millstone · Nutrition & Food Science · Global
This reference volume surveys global food topics chapter by chapter, covering population and productivity, water pressure, under- and over-nutrition, food aid, mechanization and industrial farming, genetically modified crops, pesticides, urban farming, fishing, trade flows, food miles, processing, retailing and consumption, and organic foods. The abstract consists only of a table of contents; no specific findings are given.
EconomicsFood miles & supply chainPolicy发展都市农业缓解“三农”问题——以南京市都市农业为样本的分析
2003郭霖 · 南京社会科学 · China
Using Nanjing's urban agriculture as a case, this article positions urban agriculture as one effective approach to resolving China's "three rural" (agriculture, rural areas, farmers) issues. After noting problems in its development, it proposes strengthening market-development capacity oriented to urban dynamic demand so that supply creates markets, cultivating pillar industries and enterprises responsive to domestic and international demand, building management organizations to lower market operating costs, channeling market capital to keep optimizing the agricultural industrial structure, and using institutional construction and innovation to sustain urban agriculture's development.
PolicyFood sovereignty & justiceEconomicsHow can CSA farmers in Vermont effectively incorporate low-income members of the community?
2003Cynthia M. Hellman · School for International Training Digital Collections (School for International Training) · United States
A phenomenological interview study of 10 Vermont CSA (Community Supported Agriculture) farmers, combined with observation of sessions involving farmers, community-based organizations and low-income community members, addressing how Vermont CSA farmers can effectively incorporate members of the low-income community. The findings show that effective incorporation requires farmers to collaborate with community-based and non-profit organizations, treat the low-income community as a resource, enlist support from the wider community, and become part of a "food justice" movement.
CSA & TeikeiCommunityWelfareFood sovereignty & justiceUrban agriculture : the case of the collective gardens in Russia
2003L.M. Boukharaeva, Marcel Marloie, Mission Sociologie. Département d'Economie Et de Sociologie Ruralesivry · HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) · Europe
A work on urban agriculture examining the case of collective gardens in Russia. The available abstract consists only of distribution information from INRA's Department of Rural Economics and Sociology (Ivry, France); it contains no description of study content or findings.
CommunityOn Urban Agriculture and Construction of Ecologic City
2003Zhang Luxiang · Nongye xiandaihua yanjiu · Global
A conceptual paper discussing the relationship between urban agriculture and the ecologic city. It positions urban agriculture as an advanced stage of agriculture and the ecologic city as an advanced phase of the city and its ideal model, with both embodying the pursuit of sustainable development. The paper notes that urban agriculture has many modes of expression and the ecologic city contains many connotations, characterizes the relationship between the two as one of "paragenesis" (co-occurring, symbiotic development), and argues that the relationship between exploring urban agriculture and constructing the ecologic city must be harmonized, following scientific planning and highlighting the distinct characteristics of each when developing both.
CommunityPolicyCommunity Gardens in Marseille, Genoa, and Barcelona
2003Jean-Noël Consalès · Rives méditerranéennes/Rives méditerranéennes · Europe
This study examines allotment gardens in Marseille, Genoa, and Barcelona and finds that, although urban agriculture is potentially at stake in these cities, allotments struggle to establish themselves within complex urban contexts. Their actual function appears limited: their social role is often overestimated, while their environmental and landscape significance remains largely neglected.
Limited or null effectCommunityDomestic urban open spaces
2003Helen Woolley · · Global
A book chapter on domestic urban open spaces—those physically closest to home—covering spaces integral to housing areas, private gardens, community gardens, and allotments. Community gardens are physically shared but their use is not necessarily a shared experience; they nonetheless offer opportunities for small groups to gather. Allotments are framed as an extension of, or replacement for, a private garden, where individuals or families grow vegetables, fruit, and flowers; despite physical distance from home, they carry a practical and emotional tie to it, and children can learn cultivation there much as they would in a private garden. The author argues that, despite the shared nature of community gardens and the physical separation of allotments from the home, both count as domestic urban open spaces because their predominant use is domestic in scale, while acknowledging they also verge toward a neighborhood-group character—with allotments having potential to develop into an alternative neighborhood community, alliances, and rivalries included. The chapter is a conceptual discussion without empirical data.
Community여성농업인센터 아동대상 사업의 경제적 파급효과 분석
2003박재홍, 이호철 · 농업교육과 인적자원개발 · South Korea
A study calculating the economic effect of children-oriented activities run by South Korea's women-farmer centers, which the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry has operated since 2001 to help women farmers settle stably in farming communities through counseling, childcare, after-school learning and city-farm exchange. Based on the 2002 business plans of 18 centers, the direct economic income effect of children-oriented activities was calculated at 285 million won, comprising 146 million won from infant and child care and 139 million won from after-school learning.
WelfareFood educationEconomicsThe Impact of School Garden Programmes on Nutrition Knowledge and Habits Among Primary School Students in Ghana
2003Bright Agyeman, Kofi Owusu Afriyie · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Africa
Among primary school students in Ghana, who have limited access to fresh fruits and vegetables, a mixed-methods study combining pre- and post-intervention surveys with focus group discussions (n = 300) assessed changes in nutritional knowledge and behavior following a school garden program. After the program, the proportion of students eating at least one fruit daily rose statistically significantly (p < .05) from a baseline of 20% to 45% post-intervention. The findings indicate school garden programs effectively improve nutrition-related behaviors among Ghanaian primary school students, suggesting a need for replication and expansion.
Food educationHealthThe London Town Garden, 1700–1840
2003Mark Laird · Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes · United Kingdom
A book review of Todd Longstaffe-Gowan's The London Town Garden discusses the volume's treatment of small metropolitan gardens in London between 1700 and 1840 as physical, convivial, and symbolic spaces. The reviewer notes the author's claim that the town garden was a personal, idiosyncratic mode of expression rather than a display of fashionable taste, evolving slowly and independently well behind landscape improvements in the English countryside, while pointing out that questions of taste in relation to class and consumption are only partly addressed in the book.
CommunityThe National Socialist Garden and Landscape Ideal: Bodenständigkeit (Rootedness in the Soil)
2002Wolschke-Bulmahn J., Gröning G. · In R. A. Etlin (ed.), Art, Culture, and Media under the Third Reich, University of Chicago Press, pp. 73–97 · Germany
Book chapter interpreting the Nazi garden and landscape ideal through the concept of 'Bodenständigkeit' (rootedness in the soil), showing how small-scale, landscape-adapted gardens using native plants and materials embodied Blood and Soil ideology.
PolicyCommunityConflicting Rights to the City in New York's Community Gardens
2002Lynn A. Staeheli, Don Mitchell, Kristina Gibson · GeoJournal · USA (New York City)
Analyzes the Giuliani administration's 1998–1999 policy of transferring community gardens to housing development and auctioning 100+ gardens, exposing how a city 'greening then privatizing' policy reversed itself and treated public gardens as disposable exchange-value assets.
PolicyCommunityEconomicsUse of untreated wastewater in peri-urban agriculture in Pakistan: risks and opportunities
2002Jeroen H. J. Ensink, Wim van der Hoek, Yutaka Matsuno, Sarfraz Munir, Muhammad Rizwan Aslam · CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research) · Pakistan
The use of untreated wastewater for irrigation is widespread in Pakistan's peri-urban agriculture, driven by water scarcity and lack of treatment funds. This practice has led to an uncontrolled expansion of wastewater use. The paper emphasizes the need to document this practice to find improvement methods within the financial constraints of low-income countries.
Contamination & food safetyPeri-urban agricultureHealthEconomicsIncommensurability, Land Use, and the Right to Space: Community Gardens in New York City1
2002Karen Schmelzkopf · Urban Geography · United States (New York City)
This study examined the conflict over community gardens in New York City, arguing that it was a struggle concerning the right to space. The city, operating from an entrepreneurial governance perspective, claimed that the gardens represented a loss of exchange value and potential housing. The city used market economy rhetoric to dismiss incommensurable use values, thereby restricting rights to the city within a demonstration of power and "reason."
Governance failureCommunityPolicyEconomicsFood sovereignty & justice