Research & reports
Peer-reviewed research and reports on community urban agriculture, food education, composting, welfare and more.
Theme
Critical findings
11393 results(450 / 456)
User Distance Analysis of the Allotment Gardens for the Aged Using the Geographic Information System.
1999Yasunari Miyake · JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION · Japan
This study used a Geographic Information System to analyze the location of allotment gardens for elderly users in Gifu City, Japan, measuring both direct distance and road distance from users' homes to the gardens, and ran simulations of changes to garden provision. Increasing the number of garden plots and changing the composition of users shortened the user distance to some extent, while newly opening gardens in the city center — where none previously existed — greatly shortened the user distance.
ElderlyCommunity498 School Gardens: Do They Affect Children's Food Preferences and Eating Behaviors?
1999Sarah Lineberger, J.M. Zajicek · HortScience · Global
A study (HortScience, 1999) developed a teacher curriculum guide, "Nutrition in the Garden," combining horticulture and nutrition lessons, and tested its effect on children's food preferences and eating behaviors using a pretest/posttest attitude instrument developed by Tom Baranowski and a 24-hour food recall journal. The abstract states that results examine the effects of school gardens on nutritional attitudes and behaviors but does not report specific outcome figures.
Food educationHealthResource Guide on Urban Agriculture
1999ETC Agriculture · CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research) · Global
A resource guide compiling information on people and organizations with expertise relevant to formulating and implementing urban agriculture policies, plans and projects.
PolicyCommunityFood educationA Study of Allotment Garden in Urban Area Based on the Agricultural Land Act
1999Rie Oba · Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan · Japan
Since the 1991 amendment of Japan's Agricultural Land Act, agricultural land in designated urban areas has been divided into two categories: land conserved for agriculture and land available for residential use. This study investigated the state of allotment gardens in several such urban areas, focusing on whether the land was designated under the Agricultural Land Act and various related acts governing the establishment of allotment gardens. It clarified the resulting differences in residential-land development potential and farmers' economic conditions between the two categories.
PolicyEconomicsSmall Farming Systems for the Midwest and Reintegrating Agriculture and Community in the Midwest
1999Richard K. Olson, L. Bauer · Lincoln (University of Nebraska) · United States
This is a two-part compilation on small-scale Midwest farming (Part I) and reintegrating agriculture and community in the Midwest (Part II), gathering contributed chapters covering topics such as small and family-sized farms, market gardening, diversified crop/livestock systems, Amish farming agroecosystems, direct marketing, community-supported agriculture, farmers' markets, farmland preservation, and local food-system strengthening in Nebraska, Iowa and the broader Midwest region of the United States.
Organic cycleEconomicsUrban–rural linkageConsumer Benefits from Community Supported Agriculture Membership
1998Jack P. Cooley, Daniel A. Lass · Review of Agricultural Economics · United States (Massachusetts)
This study focused on consumer benefits, specifically cost savings, from Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) membership. It measured quantities of produce in weekly shares for three CSA farms in Massachusetts and calculated retail values. Cost savings, determined by the difference between share prices and retail values for organic produce, ranged from 60% to 150% of share prices for the studied CSA farms.
CSA & TeikeiEconomicsCommunityUrban Agriculture, Food Security and the Environment: Socio-economics, Land Use Conflicts and Cultivators’ Views
1998Godfrey D. Mudimu, Shepherd Siziba, Benjamin Hanyani‐Mlambo · OpenDocs (Institute of Development Studies) · Zimbabwe (Harare)
This study in Harare, Zimbabwe, examined the socio-economics of urban crop production on municipal lands, cultivators' views, and land use conflicts. Urban agriculture, a widespread practice for subsistence maize and food security, is not supported by planners and conflicts with urban land use provisions. Findings revealed a serious lack of environmental concern among cultivators, with most ignoring stream bank regulations and lacking knowledge of environmental effects.
Governance failureFood sovereignty & justiceEconomicsCommunityPolicyThe significance of the limits to growth for the discussion of social policy
1998F.E. Trainer · International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy · Global
This paper presents the "limits to growth" perspective, arguing that current living standards in rich countries are globally unsustainable. It criticizes profit maximization and market forces as inappropriate for the needs of the world's poor, and explores how to reduce per capita resource use and environmental impact through small-scale, self-sufficient economies. It suggests that access to communal property and services should replace income as the means to a satisfying life, and mentions the role of community gardens and workers in saving towns.
CommunityEconomicsPolicy既是现实的 又是未来的——北京朝阳区都市农业实验的意义
1998杨鹤鸣 · 城市问题 · China (Beijing)
This report reflects on the author's participation in urban agriculture research in Beijing's Chaoyang District since August 1997. The author found the experience profound, recognizing the urban agriculture experiment in Chaoyang District as representing the reality of suburban agriculture in China.
CommunityPolicyFeeding Africa's growing cities into the 21st century: the potential of urban agriculture
1998Tony Binns, Kenneth Lynch · Journal of International Development · Africa
This paper addresses the escalating demand for fresh foodstuffs in rapidly urbanizing Sub-Saharan Africa, where urban agriculture is a widespread activity. Based on a literature survey and empirical evidence from Kano and Dar es Salaam, it presents a framework for analyzing urban agriculture. The study proposes policy recommendations aimed at enhancing the future sustainability of urban agriculture.
Food sovereignty & justicePolicyUrban–rural linkageEconomicsSchools, Children, and Gardening: The Results of a Children's Garden Competition among Florida Elementary Schools
1998Sonja M. Skelly, Jennifer Bradley · HortScience · United States (Florida)
In Spring 1998, the University of Florida hosted a children's garden competition for approximately 100 elementary schools across Florida. The competition required schools to establish or use an existing garden and for teachers to integrate it into classroom instruction. A random sample of 500 students from participating schools completed an environmental attitude survey at the beginning and end of the competition, and teachers also completed a survey on garden use and its effect on students.
Food educationCommunityReport on a visit to South Africa to facilitate a participatory workshop for an urban agriculture project in Sobantu Village, KwaZulu-Natal, as part of the DfID funded project: "Support to the Institute of Natural Resources for institutional development in South Africa"
1998Adrienne Martin, B. Pound · · South Africa
This report describes a visit to South Africa to facilitate a participatory workshop for an urban agriculture project in Sobantu Village, KwaZulu-Natal. The visit's objectives were to identify organizational, social, technical, and financial issues and necessary activities to initiate an urban agriculture project with the Sobantu community, the Institute for Natural Resources (INR), and Department of Agriculture staff. Discussions also included a draft manual on FSR/FPR being prepared by NRI/INR.
CommunityFood educationWelfare关于“都市农业”的概念功能及其发展战略与对策建议
1998安晓宁, 王全辉 · 调研世界 · Global
This study examines the scientific concept of "urban agriculture." Urban agriculture first emerged in developed countries and regions such as Europe, America, and Japan in the first half of the 20th century, then rapidly spread to other developed areas. Its English term (Agriculture in countryside) originally referred to agriculture within metropolitan areas, specifically certain agricultural practices in developed nations.
PolicyUrban–rural linkageUrban agriculture and urban poverty alleviation: South African debates
1998Christian M. Rogerson, Rogerson, Christian M. · AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA) · South Africa
This paper aims to analyze the existing challenge of urban poverty in South Africa and examine the potential role of urban agriculture as a component of a pro-poor urban development strategy.
WelfareEconomicsFood sovereignty & justiceDevelopment of Potato Late Blight Epidemics: Disease Foci, Disease Gradients, and Infection Sources
1998M.J. Zwankhuizen, Francine Govers, J.C. Zadoks · Phytopathology · Netherlands
A study in Southern Flevoland, Netherlands, from 1994 to 1996, assessed inoculum sources of potato late blight. It found that 74% of early disease foci in commercial potato fields were linked to nearby infested refuse piles. Infected seed tubers, volunteer plants, and infested allotment gardens appeared to be of minor importance for late blight development in potato fields. However, in August 1994, infested organic potato fields became major mid-season infection sources, spreading the disease to adjacent conventional fields.
Limited or null effectHealthPrinciples and practical implementation of farming systems research and farmer participatory research. Including Vulindlela District and Sobantu Village case studies
1998B. Pound, Adrienne Martin, Mark Thomas, B. J. Njokwe · · South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)
This publication integrates theory and practical work from Farming Systems and Farmer Participatory Research courses held at the Institute of Natural Resources and associated institutions in KwaZulu-Natal during 1996 and 1997. Its objectives are to provide reference material for FSR/FPR, demonstrate how its principles and methods can be applied to real situations, and record the situation, suggestions, and priorities of rural and peri-urban families in Vulindlela District. It also presents the Urban Agriculture workshop in Sobantu Village as a case study of participatory workshop methods.
CommunityPeri-urban agricultureFood sovereignty & justiceUrban agriculture in the metropolitan zone of Mexico City: changes over time in urban, suburban and peri-urban areas
1998H. Losada, H. Martínez, J. Vieyra, R. Pealing, R. Zavala, J. Cortés · Environment and Urbanization · Mexico
This paper describes the scale and nature of agricultural production in urban, suburban, and peri-urban zones of Mexico City and how these have adapted to changing urban demands for food, wood, and recreation. Agricultural producers have successfully adapted their products and production methods, including building on traditional systems, despite environmental deterioration from urban development and lack of government support. These producers have also devised new ways to use degraded land and large volumes of waste.
EconomicsPolicyClimate changeUrban–rural linkageThe significance and praxis of community‐based sustainability projects: Community gardens in western Australia
1998Laura Stocker, Kate Barnett · Local Environment · Australia (Western Australia)
This paper reviews the types and roles of community gardens, which are managed by community members and contribute to Local Agenda 21 planning and sustainable communities. It presents a case study of a community garden in Western Australia, analyzing lessons learned and the potential contributions of such gardens to physical, ecological, sociocultural, and economic sustainability. Community gardens produce fresh organic food, create community spaces, and disseminate community science.
CommunityFood educationOrganic cycleEconomicsThe Potential for Recreational Use of Farmland by Urban Residents
1998Ren Azuma · Journal of Rural Problems · Japan; Europe
This paper examines the potential for recreational use of farmland by comparing dual land use policies between Japan and Europe (mainly the UK, Germany, and the Netherlands). While Europe has not considered allotment gardens as dual farmland use, Japan is promoting them for both recreation and agricultural production through new legislative measures. Additionally, small-scale caravan sites using farmland are exempt from strict planning controls in many European countries to promote recreational use, but Japan lacks an equivalent. In conclusion, the paper suggests that Japan needs to introduce or further expand dual farmland use policies for recreation and agricultural production in these three policy areas.
PolicyCommunityUrban–rural linkageStudying Children's Perceptions of Garden Benefits Using the Internet
1998Tina M. Waliczek, R. Daniel Lineberger, J.M. Zajicek · HortScience · Global
An online survey was conducted on the KinderGARDEN Web page to investigate children's perceptions of gardening benefits. Children responded via email, reporting on their gardening experiences, learning, and perceived advantages. Results indicated that children positively valued gardening for recreation, and also mentioned educational, environmental, aesthetic, social, and economic benefits. Specifically, 81% felt they learned about the environment, 54% about plants, 31% cited recreation/fun, and 15% mentioned socialization with friends and family.
Food educationCommunityHealthEconomicsThe performance and support of food gardens in some townships of the Cape Metropolitan Area: An evaluation of Abalimi Bezekhaya
1998ASM Karaan, Nabilaa Mohamed · Development Southern Africa · South Africa
This article presents recommendations and policy directives for urban agricultural initiatives, based on an evaluation of Abalimi Bezekhaya's gardening promotion activities in Cape Metropolitan Area townships. Field research used participatory methodologies with gardeners to understand their motivations, constraints, and opinions on Abalimi Bezekhaya's services. The evaluation suggested improvements for the organization's services and highlighted urban agriculture's potential as an entrepreneurial activity, provided policy, agricultural development, land reform, and livelihood creation issues are addressed.
CommunityEconomicsPolicyFood sovereignty & justice探索新思想,开创新局面,争取新突破——谱写都市型农业高等教育新篇章
1998庄菊明, 付燕凤, 沈建英, 高贵临 · 高等农业教育 · China (Shanghai)
This paper explores new ideas in Shanghai's urban agriculture higher education, adapting to the trend of agricultural transformation and upgrading in Shanghai, and learning from Deng Xiaoping Theory. It establishes views on urban agriculture, integrated agriculture, multifunctional agriculture, and highly intelligent agriculture, aiming to create a new situation where general, vocational, and adult higher education advance in parallel and develop coordinately, striving for new breakthroughs in cultivating high-quality and distinctive agricultural science and technology talents.
PolicyFood educationCaries preventive effect of wild tea (tsaang-gubat) among school children.
1998Parajas Il · PubMed · Global
A 3-year study in two elementary schools investigated the caries preventive effect of wild tea (tsaang-gubat) among schoolchildren. The experimental group drank one cup of tea daily for 17 months, prepared from fresh school garden leaves. Results indicated that wild tea is an effective caries preventive agent, showing a 75.67% decrease in caries incidence, though an increase in the third year was attributed to irregular consumption and reduced tea fluoride content.
Food educationHealthCommunityTHE CHARACTER OF FARMLAND POSSESSION AND USE FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF SETTLEMENT LOCATION : A study on farmland conservation in rural region from the viewpoint of settlement location Part2
1998Hiroshi AIZAWA, Daisuke Watanabe, Yohtaro ARIMA, Naoko Suzuki · Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) · Global
This paper analyzed the relationship between farmhouse management conditions and land possession, and agricultural land use design problems for regional agricultural development. Findings indicate that nuclear farmhouses in suburban and plain areas tend to acquire concentrated land, while those in hilly and mountainous areas do not efficiently possess farmland. It is necessary to improve farmland possession and use by lending inferior farmland from small farmers to nuclear farmhouses. In suburban areas, farmers show little intention to lend land for allotment gardens, requiring eased regulations and support measures. In hilly and mountainous areas, farmers' intentions to lend land are linked to management conditions and possession forms, reconfirming the need for regional zoning planning.
PolicyUrban–rural linkageCommunityThe Policy of Facilities and Management of Allotment Garden in Local Urban Area Based on the State of Facilities and the Condition of Use
1998Hikaru Hoshi, Keiichi Moritsuka, Yoshiyuki Tokunaga, Hiroshi Suda · Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan · Japan
Based on a comparison of allotment gardens in local cities versus metropolitan areas and on-site inspection of several gardens, this paper proposes a facilities and management policy for allotment gardens in local urban areas of Japan. It finds that in local urban areas most allotment gardens are located in suburban areas, whereas in metropolitan areas they are mostly located downtown; even the simplest garden type is expensive in metropolitan areas, while some enriched-type gardens with modest fees exist in local areas. It also discusses the relationship between how allotment gardens are evaluated and their facilities and management, concluding that local-area garden managers need dedication and users need to communicate with managers, guides, and other users.
PolicyCommunity